The association of sedentary behaviour and physical activity with periodontal disease in NHANES 2011–2012

Abstract

Aim: Periodontal disease is one of the most prevalent oral pathologies and a major chronic disease worldwide. Lifestyle habits such as poor nutrition and smoking have been established to contribute to the development of periodontal disease, but limited research has investigated whether physical activity and sedentary lifestyle play a role.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the association between physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and periodontal disease. Materials and Methods:We used a nationally representative data set from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2012. We examined the association between physical activity and sedentary behaviour and periodontal disease using multivariable logistic regression models and reported odds ratios (ORs).Results: Individuals with higher total physical activity, higher leisure time physical activity, and lower amount of total sedentary behaviour had lower periodontal disease prevalence. Adjusted multivariable regression models showed that higher sedentary behaviour (more than 7.5 h/day) was associated with higher odds of periodontal disease (OR = 1.17; 95% confidence interval = 1.00-1.36; p = .045). Conclusions:The findings showed that higher sedentary behaviour is associated with higher odds of periodontal disease. Future prospective longitudinal studies and strategies are needed to investigate implications further and define the magnitude of the association between physical activity and periodontal disease.oral health, periodontal disease, periodontal health, physical activity, sedentary behaviour Clinical RelevanceScientific rationale for study: Periodontal disease is closely related to lifestyle-related diseases and obesity, but there is little research on how physical activity affects periodontal disease.Principal findings: Higher physical activity and lower sedentary behaviour may be associated with lower periodontal disease severity. Our results should be viewed with caution because crosssectional observational studies cannot reveal causation and directionality. Larger studies with longer follow-up time are needed to confirm these findings.Practical implications: A comprehensive health promotion focus that includes healthy lifestyle and social factors is needed to reduce the burden of periodontal disease.

A cross‐sectional study of the association between periodontitis and physical activity in the Japanese population

“…In one randomized controlled trial, a significant improvement in periodontal health was found after 6 months of exercise intervention in patients with type 2 diabetes 26 . Moreover, our study results are similar to those of previous studies 27,28 . Shimazaki et al 27 demonstrated that having high aerobic power estimated by maximal oxygen uptake values and low BMI was associated with a low prevalence of periodontitis indicated by the CPI among Japanese adults.…”

“…26 Moreover, our study results are similar to those of previous studies. 27,28 Shimazaki et al 27 demonstrated that having high aerobic power estimated by maximal oxygen uptake values and low BMI was associated with a low prevalence of periodontitis indicated by the CPI among Japanese adults. Almohamad et al 28 demonstrated that long sedentary periods were associated with periodontitis among the 2011-2012 NHANES participants.…”

“…27,28 Shimazaki et al 27 demonstrated that having high aerobic power estimated by maximal oxygen uptake values and low BMI was associated with a low prevalence of periodontitis indicated by the CPI among Japanese adults. Almohamad et al 28 demonstrated that long sedentary periods were associated with periodontitis among the 2011-2012 NHANES participants. Moreover, the results of this study were in agreement with those from a meta-analysis that demonstrated a lower prevalence of periodontitis among physically active individuals than among inactive individuals.…”

The association of healthy eating index with periodontitis in National Health and Nutrition Examination Study 2011–2012

“…Metabolic Equivalent Hours = MET score * exercise time is the formula. Based on the participants’ MET, we divided them into quintiles (METQ1-Q5) ( 22 ). Underweight (BMI = 18.5), normal weight (BMI = 18.5–24.9), overweight (BMI = 25–29.9), and obese (BMI > 30.0) were the four BMI categories ( 23 ).…”

The association of work physical activity and recreational physical activity with periodontitis in the NHANES (2009–2014)

“…Physical activity (PA) has been proven to be a strongly protective factor in numerous diseases, 27,28 and recently its influence on periodontitis has also been reported in animal models and in the human population 29–32 . Animal studies demonstrated that mice with no access to voluntary PA wheel or swimming exercise presented higher alveolar bone resorption 29,30 .…”