The Association of Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Hypertension with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Admission Among Mexican Patients

Denova‐Gutiérrez, Edgar; López‐Gatell, Hugo; Alomía-Zegarra, José Luis; López‐Ridaura, Ruy; Zaragoza-Jiménez, Christian Arturo; Dyer-Leal, Dwigth D.; Cortés-Alcalá, Ricardo; Villa-Reyes, Tania; Gutiérrez-Vargas, Rosaura; Rodríguez-González, Kathia Guadalupe; Escondrillas-Maya, Carlos; Barrientos‐Gutiérrez, Tonatiuh; Rivera, Juan Á.; Barquera, Sı́món

doi:10.1002/oby.22946

Cited by 90 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…10 In China, reports indicate that among people ≥ 60 years, the risk of death was greater among those with two or more NCDs (RR = 2.59) in comparison to those with only one NCDs (RR = 1.79). [11][12][13][14][15][16] This is consistent with our ndings, where risk of death was also greater in adults ≥ 60 years and those with two or more NCDs (RR = 24.1) versus those with one (RR = 14.3).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…11 In Mexico, the association between obesity and diabetes with a higher risk of COVID-19 14 infection, severity and need of hospitalization has been documented. 13 A recent study has also documented a higher risk of complications at the beginning of hospitalization among patients with COVID-19 who also had comorbidities like obesity, hypertension and diabetes. 15 It has been shown that NCDs increase the severity from COVID-19.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Impact of a Double Epidemic in Mexico: Non-Communicable Diseases Increase the Case Fatality Rate with Covid-19

Monterrubio‐Flores

Ramírez-Villalobos

Espinoza-Montero

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: People with a previous diagnosis of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) develop serious forms of COVID-19 or die. Mexico is the sixth country with the highest mortality rate by COVID-19 with high mortality in younger adults.Objectives: To describe the association between NCDs and Case Fatality Rate (CFR) due to COVID-19 and identify related factors. Methods: We studied all Mexican adults infected with COVID-19 from February 1st to July 31st, 2020. The data set is available for free on the Ministry of Health’s webpage. We analyzed previous diagnosis of NCDs, other preexisting diseases, indicators of severity, and the institution treating the patient. We estimated CFR and analyzed it by the number of NCDs, specific diseases, and combinations of NCDs. Relative risk was estimated using Poisson models and probability of death estimates with Logistic models.Results: We analyzed 406,966 COVID-19 positive adults. The general CFR was 11.2%, while for men it was 13.7% and for women 8.4%. CFR is positively associated with age and number of NCDs (trend test p<0.001). The combination of type 2 diabetes+chronic kidney failure has the highest CFR (44.0%). The number of comorbidities increase the CFR in younger adults, in which the relative risk from 0 to 3 or more NCDs was 30.2 in women and 11.8 in men. We observed great heterogeneity in the CFR by institution, from 4.6% in private institutions to 18.9% in public institutions.Conclusion: The number of NCDs increases CFR and explains the mortality in younger adults. Our findings are consistent with the scientific literature and contribute to the understanding of these associations.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a Double Epidemic in Mexico: Non-Communicable Diseases Increase the Case Fatality Rate with Covid-19

Monterrubio‐Flores

Ramírez-Villalobos

Espinoza-Montero

et al. 2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We identified 20 studies that assessed the association between individuals with obesity and COVID‐19, all but two of which showed that individuals with obesity significantly increase the risk of COVID‐19 (Table S3). 25–43 One study in Denmark showed that the prevalence of overweight and individuals with obesity was lower in SARS‐CoV‐2 positive cases than SARS‐CoV‐2 test‐negative individuals (8.6% vs. 9.9%) 44 . The results may be biased because body weight status was determined at hospital discharge.…”

Section: Epidemiological Relationships: Individuals With Overweight Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Individuals with obesity and COVID‐19: A global perspective on the epidemiology and biological relationships

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary The linkage of individuals with obesity and COVID‐19 is controversial and lacks systematic reviews. After a systematic search of the Chinese and English language literature on COVID‐19, 75 studies were used to conduct a series of meta‐analyses on the relationship of individuals with obesity–COVID‐19 over the full spectrum from risk to mortality. A systematic review of the mechanistic pathways for COVID‐19 and individuals with obesity is presented. Pooled analysis show individuals with obesity were more at risk for COVID‐19 positive, >46.0% higher (OR = 1.46; 95% CI, 1.30–1.65; p < 0.0001); for hospitalization, 113% higher (OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.74–2.60; p < 0.0001); for ICU admission, 74% higher (OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.46–2.08); and for mortality, 48% increase in deaths (OR = 1.48; 95% CI, 1.22–1.80; p < 0.001). Mechanistic pathways for individuals with obesity are presented in depth for factors linked with COVID‐19 risk, severity and their potential for diminished therapeutic and prophylactic treatments among these individuals. Individuals with obesity are linked with large significant increases in morbidity and mortality from COVID‐19. There are many mechanisms that jointly explain this impact. A major concern is that vaccines will be less effective for the individuals with obesity.

show abstract

“…While several international studies have analyzed the association between diabetes and severe COVID-19 (30,31), only a few studies have presented this association according to stratified outcomes among patients hospitalized with COVID-19 (32,33). In their cross-sectional analysis of 51,633 Mexican subjects with COVID-19, Bello-Chavolla et al (30) showed that diabetes (self-reported in 18.3% of subjects) and obesity (self-reported in 20.7% of subjects) were associated with greater odds of hospitalization, ICU admission, and mechanical ventilation. With use of a mechanistic COVID-19 lethality score, early-onset diabetes (defined as diabetes among individuals younger than 40 years of age) also emerged as an important predictor of mortality (hazard ratio 2.86 [95% CI 2.19-3.76]).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Poor Early Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diabetes and obesity are highly prevalent among hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but little is known about their contributions to early COVID-19 outcomes. We tested the hypothesis that diabetes is a risk factor for poor early outcomes, after adjustment for obesity, among a cohort of patients hospitalized with COVID-19. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used data from the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) COVID-19 Data Registry of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between 11 March 2020 and 30 April 2020. Primary outcomes were admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), need for mechanical ventilation, and death within 14 days of presentation to care. Logistic regression models were adjusted for demographic characteristics, obesity, and relevant comorbidities. RESULTS Among 450 patients, 178 (39.6%) had diabetesdmostly type 2 diabetes. Among patients with diabetes versus patients without diabetes, a higher proportion was admitted to the ICU (42.1% vs. 29.8%, respectively, P 5 0.007), required mechanical ventilation (37.1% vs. 23.2%, P 5 0.001), and died (15.9% vs. 7.9%, P 5 0.009). In multivariable logistic regression models, diabetes was associated with greater odds of ICU admission (odds ratio 1.59 [95% CI 1.01-2.52]), mechanical ventilation (1.97 [1.21-3.20]), and death (2.02 [1.01-4.03]) at 14 days. Obesity was associated with greater odds of ICU admission (2.16 [1.20-3.88]) and mechanical ventilation (2.13 [1.14-4.00]) but not with death. CONCLUSIONS Among hospitalized patients with COVID-19, diabetes was associated with poor early outcomes, after adjustment for obesity. These findings can help inform patient-centered care decision making for people with diabetes at risk for COVID-19. Diabetes is one of the most common chronic conditions in the U.S., currently estimated to affect 34.2 million people (10.5% of the U.S. population) (1). In addition to the well-documented adverse health outcomes associated with this disease, diabetes has also emerged as a commonly reported risk factor among people hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus (2-7). Following initial reports of COVID-19 in Washington state (January 2020) (8), COVID-19 has spread rapidly and resulted in .3.0 million cases and nearly 135,000 deaths in the U.S.

show abstract

The Association of Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes, and Hypertension with Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Admission Among Mexican Patients

Cited by 90 publications

References 27 publications

Impact of a Double Epidemic in Mexico: Non-Communicable Diseases Increase the Case Fatality Rate with Covid-19

Impact of a Double Epidemic in Mexico: Non-Communicable Diseases Increase the Case Fatality Rate with Covid-19

Individuals with obesity and COVID‐19: A global perspective on the epidemiology and biological relationships

Diabetes as a Risk Factor for Poor Early Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About