Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a complex systemic disease in which numerous cell types are involved. Neutrophils play an important role in the onset and development of RA. In our study, we aim to identify different functions of neutrophils in different conditions (blood and synovium) of RA patients by using a bioinformatics method to clarify their potential pathogenesis. The gene expression profiles of the GSE154474 dataset were originally produced by using the high-throughput Illumina HiSeq 2000 (Homo sapiens). The biological categories and biochemical pathways were identified and analyzed by the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG), Gene Ontology (GO), and Reactom enrichment. KEGG and GO results showed the biological pathways related to the immune and cellular structure were mainly different. Moreover, we identified several genes including GNB4, RHOA, and TECB2 were involved in the regulation of inflammation. Therefore, this study provides different insights into the pathogenesis of RA.