The Association of HIV Stigma and HIV/STD Knowledge With Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Adolescent and Adult Men Who Have Sex With Men in Ghana, West Africa

Nelson, LaRon E.; Wilton, Leo; Agyarko-Poku, Thomas; Zhang, Nanhua; Aluoch, Marilyn; Thach, Chia T.; Hanson, Samuel Owiredu; Adu‐Sarkodie, Yaw

doi:10.1002/nur.21650

Cited by 60 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…This exercise is particularly important in the context of HIV since many of those most at risk are members of stigmatized or criminalized populations. In the case of RDS, egos are asked to refer alters who fit a particular profile, allowing detection and identification of specific high-risk populations (43), including people who use injection drugs (44)(45)(46), men who have sex with men (MSM) (47)(48)(49)(50)(51) and people who engage in sex work (52)(53)(54)(55). Similarly, qualitative descriptions of the social networks of at-risk populations can provide vital insights into the activities of at-risk groups, notably of the interactions between members, which can provide unique understanding about barriers and facilitators of intervention delivery (56,57).…”

Section: Using Social Network To Understand Hiv Treatment and Prevenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using social networks to understand and overcome implementation barriers in the global HIV response

Harling¹,

Tsai²

2019

Preprint

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Despite the development of several efficacious HIV prevention and treatment methods in the past decades, HIV continues to spread globally. Uptake of interventions is non-randomly distributed across populations, and such inequality is socially patterned both statically (due to homophily) and dynamically (due to social selection and influence). Social network analysis (SNA) methods, including egocentric, sociocentric, and respondent-driven sampling, provide tools to measure mostat-risk populations, to understand how epidemics spread, and to evaluate intervention take-up. SNAinformed designs can improve intervention effectiveness by reaching otherwise inaccessible populations and improve efficiency by maximizing spillovers to at-risk but susceptible individuals through social ties; they thus have the potential to be both more effective and less unequal in their effects than SNA-naïve approaches. While SNA-informed designs are often resource-intensive, they are uniquely able to help reach those most in need of HIV prevention and treatment interventions.Increased collection of social network data during both research and implementation work would provide important information to improve the roll-out of existing studies in the present and to inform the design of more data-efficient, SNA-informed interventions in the future.

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Section: Using Social Network To Understand Hiv Treatment and Prevenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using social networks to understand and overcome implementation barriers in the global HIV response

Harling¹,

Tsai²

2019

Preprint

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“…This would also predispose their children to stigmatization [17]. In a conservative culture such as Ghana, people living with HIV are stigmatized in the community and sometimes in the hospitals [9–11]. Perhaps, the possibility of side effects after prolonged exposure of their children to the anti-retroviral medication if they contract HIV, may also be causing the fear in the mothers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…People living with HIV in Ghana are stigmatized [9–11]. In a Ghanaian study, it was found that, stigmatization of people living with HIV occurred not only in the community but also at the hospital [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a Ghanaian study, it was found that, stigmatization of people living with HIV occurred not only in the community but also at the hospital [12]. Although stigmatization in Ghana is experienced by the majority of the people living with HIV, it is much more intense towards women and men who have sex with men [9, 11]. The stigma is extended to some pediatric caregivers in Ghana [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qualitative exploration of psychological reactions and coping strategies of breastfeeding mothers living with HIV in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana

2017

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BackgroundExploring the psychological reactions of breastfeeding mothers living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is an important step which may improve guidelines for counselling. The purpose of this study was to explore the psychological reactions and coping strategies of breastfeeding mothers living with HIV in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.MethodsQualitative descriptive exploratory design was used to explore the psychological experiences and coping strategies of 13 breastfeeding mothers living with HIV in a main referral public hospital, at the greater Accra Region of Ghana. An interview guide was designed and piloted before it was used to collect data between November, 2014 and February, 2015. Data was content analyzed for themes and subthemes to emerge.ResultsThe two major themes that emerged included psychological reactions and coping strategies. Some of the subthemes were fear, anxiety, blame, hope, denial, prayer and trust in positive situations of life.ConclusionThe women used denial, prayer and hope in ART, among others to cope with their emotions. This highlights the need for HIV counsellors to detect signs of denial since it can lead to non-adherence to ART as well as relapse. Health workers should therefore put the coping strategies in context during counselling of mothers in this category.

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“…We identified 838 videotaped encounters from 10 completed trials conducted by the Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit, Mayo Clinic (Rochester, Minnesota) 9 . Most of these trials included patients outside the referral practice of the Mayo Clinic and involved primary and specialty care, physicians and nurses, and emergency and ambulatory settings (Table 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fostering Choice Awareness for Shared Decision Making: A Secondary Analysis of Video-Recorded Clinical Encounters

Kunneman

Branda

Hargraves

et al. 2018

Mayo Clinic Proceedings: Innovations, Quality & Outcomes

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ObjectiveTo assess the extent to which (1) clinicians, using or not using conversation aids, foster choice awareness during clinical encounters and (2) fostering choice awareness, with or without conversation aids, is associated with greater patient involvement in shared decision making (SDM).Patients and MethodsWe randomly selected 100 video-recorded encounters, stratified by topic and study arm, from a database of 10 clinical trials of SDM interventions in 7 clinical contexts: low-risk acute chest pain, stable angina, diabetes, depression, osteoporosis, and Graves disease. Reviewers, unaware of our hypothesis, coded recordings with the OPTION-12 scale to quantify the extent to which clinicians involved patients in decision making (SDM, 0-100 score). Blinded to OPTION-12 scale scores, we used a self-developed coding scale to code whether and how choice awareness was fostered.ResultsClinicians fostered choice awareness in 53 of 100 encounters. Fostering choice awareness was associated with a higher OPTION-12 scale score (adjusted [for using vs not using a conversation aid] predicted mean difference, 20; 95% CI, 11-29). Using a conversation aid was associated with a higher, nonsignificant chance of fostering choice awareness (N=31 of 50 [62%] vs N=22 of 50 [44%]; adjusted [for trial] P=.34) and with a higher OPTION-12 scale score, although adjusting for fostering choice awareness mitigated this effect (adjusted predicted mean difference 5.8; 95% CI, −1.3-12.8).ConclusionFostering choice awareness is linked to a better execution of other SDM steps, such as informing patients or discussing preferences, even when SDM tools are not available or not used.

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The Association of HIV Stigma and HIV/STD Knowledge With Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Adolescent and Adult Men Who Have Sex With Men in Ghana, West Africa

Cited by 60 publications

References 82 publications

Using social networks to understand and overcome implementation barriers in the global HIV response

Using social networks to understand and overcome implementation barriers in the global HIV response

Qualitative exploration of psychological reactions and coping strategies of breastfeeding mothers living with HIV in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana

Fostering Choice Awareness for Shared Decision Making: A Secondary Analysis of Video-Recorded Clinical Encounters

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