The Association of Fat and Lean Tissue With Whole Body and Spine Bone Mineral Density Is Modified by HIV Status and Sex in Children and Youth

Jacobson, Denise L.; Lindsey, Jane C.; Coull, Brent A.; Mulligan, Kathleen; Bhagwat, Priya; Aldrovandi, Grace M.

doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000001715

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In addition to that, studies that aimed to investigate the relationship between HIV infection/ART use and the health-related physical fitness components showed changes in the body fat distribution [91,104,194,264], reduction in the bone mass [15,84,108,124,209,262] and fat-free mass [8,102]. However, only 12.2% (n = 30) of the studies investigated more than one the health-related physical fitness component [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]33,34,41,47,50,52,106,110,112,116,192,196,[221][222][223]226,230,233,238] and no study that investigated the relationship between the health-related physical fitness components was found.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-Related Physical Fitness Evaluation in HIV-Diagnosed Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review

de Castro,

de Lima,

Silva

2024

IJERPH

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Background: Health-related physical fitness has been widely used to investigate the adverse effects of HIV infection/ART in children and adolescents. However, methods/protocols and cut-points applied for investigating health-related physical fitness are not clear. The aim of this scoping review was to map the literature to identify gaps in knowledge regarding the methods/protocols and cut-points. Methods: A scoping review, following the Joana Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines, was conducted through ten major databases. Search followed the PCC strategy to construct block of terms related to population (children and adolescents), concept (health-related physical fitness components) and context (HIV infection). Results: The search resulted in 7545 studies. After duplicate removal, titles and abstracts reading and full text assessment, 246 studies were included in the scoping review. Body composition was the most investigated component (n= 244), followed by muscular strength/endurance (n = 23), cardiorespiratory fitness (n = 15) and flexibility (n = 4). The World Health Organization growth curves, and nationals’ surveys were the most reference values applied to classify body composition (n = 149), followed by internal cut-points (n = 30) and cut-points developed through small populations (n = 16). Cardiorespiratory fitness was classified through cut-points from three different assessment batteries, as well as cut-points developed through studies with small populations, muscular strength/endurance and flexibility were classified through the same cut-points from five different assessment batteries. Conclusions: The research on muscular strength/endurance, cardiorespiratory fitness and flexibility has been scarcely explored. The lack of studies that investigated method usability as well as reference values was evidenced.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-Related Physical Fitness Evaluation in HIV-Diagnosed Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review

de Castro,

de Lima,

Silva

2024

IJERPH

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“…People living with HIV on newer non-thymidine NRTI regimens often develop simultaneous increases in both visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) [4,5]. The few studies that have quantified body mass composition in young people with HIV have also suggested increased fat and specifically trunk fat compared with uninfected young people [6][7][8]. With survival extending into adulthood, these findings suggest that alterations in regional fat are likely to continue to worsen over time and may contribute to cardiometabolic complications of HIV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Longitudinal changes in body fat and metabolic complications in young people with perinatally acquired HIV

Dirajlal‐Fargo,

Jacobson,

et al. 2023

HIV Medicine

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BackgroundThe role of body fat on metabolic complications remains poorly understood in young people living with perinatally acquired HIV (YPHIV).ObjectiveOur objective was to assess the association of changes in adiposity over 2 years with metabolic outcomes in YPHIV.MethodsThe PHACS Adolescent Master Protocol (AMP) study enrolled YPHIV from 2007 to 2009 across 15 US sites, including Puerto Rico. We included YPHIV aged 7–19 years with body composition data assessed by whole‐body dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) at baseline and 2 years later. Metabolic outcomes included homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) and non‐high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (non‐HDL‐C). We fitted linear regression models to assess the association of increase in body fat over 2 years with metabolic outcomes at years 2 and 3.ResultsIn all, 232 participants had a second DXA and either HOMA‐IR or non‐HDL‐C measured at year 2. Participant characteristics at the first DXA were: age 12 years (9–14) [median (Q1–Q3)], 69% Black, and median CD4 count 714 cells/μL; 70% with HIV RNA <400 copies/mL. In adjusted analyses for every 1% increase in body fat from baseline to year 2, HOMA‐IR was higher by 1.03‐fold at year 3 (95% CI: 1.00, 1.05). We observed that for every 1% increase in body fat from baseline to year 2, non‐HDL‐C was 0.72 mg/dL higher at year 2 (95% CI: −0.04–1.49) and 0.81 mg/dL higher at year 3 (95% CI: −0.05–1.66).ConclusionsIncreases in adiposity over time may lead to downstream decreased insulin sensitivity and dyslipidaemia in YPHIV.

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“…Interestingly, low BMD has recently been linked to disordered fat metabolism, possibly reflecting the common origin and interchangeability of bone and fat progenitor cells [61].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noncommunicable diseases in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV-1 infection in high-income and low-income settings

Innes

Patel

2018

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

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The Association of Fat and Lean Tissue With Whole Body and Spine Bone Mineral Density Is Modified by HIV Status and Sex in Children and Youth

Abstract: HIV disease diminishes the positive relationship of greater fat mass on bone mass in children/youth. Disruptions in body fat distribution, which are common in HIV disease, may have an impact on bone accretion during pubertal development.

Cited by 8 publications

References 42 publications

Health-Related Physical Fitness Evaluation in HIV-Diagnosed Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review

Health-Related Physical Fitness Evaluation in HIV-Diagnosed Children and Adolescents: A Scoping Review

Longitudinal changes in body fat and metabolic complications in young people with perinatally acquired HIV

Noncommunicable diseases in adolescents with perinatally acquired HIV-1 infection in high-income and low-income settings

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