The Association of Depression with Type D Personality and Coping Strategies in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Objective Depression in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) has been a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events. However, personality types, strategies for coping with stressors, and their associations with depression have not been fully elucidated in patients with CAD. This study explored depression in patients with CAD and examined its association with personality types and coping strategies. Methods A prospective observational study of 89 patients with CAD was conducted between August 2016 and July 2018. The presence of depression and type D personality and types of coping strategies were measured one month after percutaneous coronary intervention. A logistic regression analysis was performed to identify characteristics associated with depression. Results Generally, the incidence of depression and type D personality was 55.1% and 44.9%, respectively. The incidence of depression in patients with type D and non-type D personality was 72.5% and 40.8%, respectively. Patients with type D personality coped less frequently using a planning strategy but frequently using a responsibility-shifting strategy. A logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of depression was significantly associated with type D personality and inversely associated with a planning strategy. Conclusion The high prevalence of depression in patients with CAD was associated with type D personality and a low rate of adoption of a planning strategy. Specific coping interventions in patients with CAD with type D personality may be potential targets for improving coping skills and preventing the development of depression.

Self-management by Hospitalized Older Adults Based on Self-regulation: a Structural Equation Model

“…Type D personality had an indirect effect through negative correlation with self-management and cognitive illness perception; an indirect effect on approach coping through negative correlation; and a direct effect on depression through positive correlation. This result aligned with previous ndings in which the type D personality negatively correlated with cognitive illness perception and health behaviors in patients with coronary artery diseases [40], and with other studies where it had an impact on depression through positive correlation [22,42]. These effects may be attributed to the fact that individuals with a type D personality show far greater negative emotions toward experiencing diseases or symptoms than others, while simultaneously facing di culties with potentially bene cial social interactions [22].…”

“…However, participants' scores for approach coping were relatively low, ranging from 0 to 3, with a mean score of 1.40. This may be due to high percentages of participants with type D personalities (56.8%) and depression (54%), both of which have been found to correlate with low levels of approach coping such as planning [42]. In the case of multimorbidity patients, coping mechanisms such as denial and avoidance has been most frequently observed [44].…”

Coping Strategies In Young Healthy Individuals With Type D Personality

“…There are no answers to these questions yet. It has been suggested that the development of adequate coping strategies in individuals with type D personality would help preventing the development of depressive reactions [13]. Apparently, the reluctance of people with type D personality to seek help (fear of social interactions) complicates the establishment of full-fledged contact between the psychotherapist and the patient, which is a necessary condition for an effective work with psychosomatic diseases [21].…”

“…Since coping strategies are a stabilizing factor, due to which the psychosocial adaptation of an individual is maintained during the period of exposure to stress, and they can be considered as a potential target for behavioral interventions [11]. This explains the recent interest in the study of coping strategies in people with type D personality [12][13][14]. However, such publications are scarce, and the studies were carried out in foreign countries differing from Russia in their cultural, economic and linguistic environment.…”

Psychosocial Risk Factors in Cardiac Rehabilitation: Time to Screen Beyond Anxiety and Depression

“…Meta-analysis may have explained the role of depression on the prediction of CHD on healthy populations, but the relationship between vital exhaustion and depression is yet to be ascertained. On the other hand, patients with type-D personality are more likely to develop depression after an acute coronary event due to their lack of planning and coping strategies [ 38 ].…”