The Association of Cytokine Genes Polymorphisms (IL1β+3954 C/T, IL18-137 G/C, and IL18-607 C/A) in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus-tuberculosis

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The cytokine gene polymorphism is associated with the development of metabolic disorder conditions and infectious diseases such as Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and tuberculosis (TB) disease.
 AIM: The objective of the study is an attempt to examine the association of cytokine genes polymorphisms (IL1β+3954 C/T, IL18-137 G/C, and IL18-607 C/A) in T2DM-TB patients.
 METHODS: The cytokine genes polymorphisms (IL1β+3954 C/T, IL18-137 G/C, and IL18-607 C/A) were investigated in 46 T2DM-TB patients, 46 T2DM patients, and 46 healthy controls. Cytokine genes polymorphism was carried out by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p-value was calculated to determine the association between cytokine genes polymorphisms as the risk factor to T2DM-TB development.
 RESULTS: No association between genotypes and alleles of cytokine genes polymorphisms (IL1β+3954 C/T, IL18-137 G/C, and IL18-607 C/A) in T2DM-TB compared to control group (p = 0.434; OR = 0.373; 95% CI = 0.068-2.028 and p = 0.444; OR = 0.387; 95% CI = 0.073–2.046), (p = 0.833; OR = 0.915; 95% CI = 0.400–2.092 and p = 0.864; OR = 1.061; 95% CI = 0.541–2.078), and (p = 0.815; OR = 0.896; 95% CI = 0.357–2.246 and p = 0.882; OR = 0.957; 95% CI = 0.534–1.715). This study also found no association between genotypes and alleles of cytokine genes polymorphisms (IL1β+3954 C/T, IL18-137 G/C, and IL18-607 C/A) with T2DM-TB compared to T2DM group (p = 1; OR = 0.652; 95% CI = 0.104–4.094 and p = 1; OR = 0.659; 95% CI = 0.108–4.041), (p = 0.189; OR = 1.786; 95% CI = 0.749–4.262 and p = 0.098; OR = 1.857; 95% CI = 0.887–3.889), and (p = 0.374; OR = 1.488; 95% CI = 0619–3.579 and p = 0.365; OR = 1.316; 95% CI=0.727–2.382).
 CONCLUSION: There is no association of the cytokine genes polymorphisms (IL1β+3954 C/T, IL18-137 G/C, and IL18-607 C/A) in T2DM-TB compared to control and T2DM groups, and all cytokine genes polymorphisms not as the risk factor to T2DM-TB development in this population.