The Association of Calprotectin Level in Gingival Crevicular Fluid With Gingival Index and the Activities of Collagenase and Aspartate Aminotransferase in Adult Periodontitis Patients

Nakamura, Teruo; Kido, Jun‐ichi; Kido, Reiko; Ohishi, Keiji; Yamauchi, Noriyuki; Kataoka, Masatoshi; Nagata, Toshihiko

doi:10.1902/jop.2000.71.3.361

Cited by 61 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The present data indicated that GCF calprotectin levels increased as the periodontal disease progresses from health to disease, but similar in G-AgP and CP. Our findings are consistent with the previous data showing the role of calprotectin as an inflammatory marker of periodontal disease [11,12,42,43]. Kaner et al [44] have demonstrated that GCF calprotectin levels are significantly correlated with the levels of periodontal inflammation and decreased after periodontal therapy in G-AgP patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Although this technique provides larger GCF volumes compared to superficial intracrevicular technique [40], in accor- dance with the suggestions of others our discussion of the data as well as studying relationship with clinical data was based on the total amount rather than concentration of the data which consider the amount of GCF collected [37,41]. The relationship between GCF calprotectin levels and several other inflammatory markers has been previously investigated and calprotectin levels were shown to be a significant contributor to host defense against infection [8,9,42,43]. The present data indicated that GCF calprotectin levels increased as the periodontal disease progresses from health to disease, but similar in G-AgP and CP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gingival Crevicular Fluid Calprotectin, Osteocalcin and Cross-Linked N-Terminal Telopeptid Levels in Health and Different Periodontal Diseases

et al. 2011

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Abstract. Aim:The aim of the present study was to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) calprotectin, osteocalcin and cross-linked N-terminal telopeptide (NTx) levels in health along with different periodontal diseases. Material and methods: Twenty chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP), 20 gingivitis and 20 healthy subjects were included. Probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index and papillary bleeding index was recorded. GCF calprotectin, osteocalcin and NTx levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: CP, G-AgP and gingivitis groups had higher GCF calprotectin total amount compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.008). CP and G-AgP groups had similar, but higher levels compared to gingivitis groups (p < 0.008). CP and G-AgP groups had lower GCF osteocalcin total amount compared to gingivitis and healthy groups (p < 0.008). CP group had higher GCF NTx but lower osteocalcin total amount and osteocalcin/NTx ratio than the G-AgP group (p < 0.008). Conclusions: Our results suggest that elevated GCF calprotectin levels play a role as a reliable inflammatory marker in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Fluctuating GCF levels of osteocalcin and NTx might point out to the abnormal bone turnover in periodontitis. Our data document for the first time the role of NTx in the pathogenesis of different periodontal diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gingival Crevicular Fluid Calprotectin, Osteocalcin and Cross-Linked N-Terminal Telopeptid Levels in Health and Different Periodontal Diseases

et al. 2011

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“…We therefore contend that increased plasma, salivary or faecal levels of S100A8/A9 observed in association with inflammation [28–30] are aimed in part at diminishing the oxidative activation of neutrophils and protect the organism against exaggerated immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

S100A8 and S100A9 inhibit neutrophil oxidative metabolismin-vitro: Involvement of adenosine metabolites

Sroussi

Lu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2010

Free Radical Research

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Neutrophils are short-lived granulocytic cells of the innate immune system specialized in the production of reactive oxygen species. S100A8 and S100A9 and their heterocomplex calprotectin play a role in neutrophil recruitment and represent 40% of neutrophil cytosolic protein weight. The present study was designed to test the effect of S100A8 and S100A9 on the rate of neutrophil oxidative metabolism. It is hypothesized that the two S100 proteins inhibit neutrophil associated oxidation. Granulocytes freshly isolated from healthy volunteers were tested for their ability to oxidize dichlorofluorescin-diacetate (DCFH-DA) in-vitro. The data showed that S100A8 and S100A9 inhibited spontaneous and stimulated oxidation of the DCFH-DA probe by neutrophils. The inhibition of neutrophil oxidative metabolism by S100A8 and S100A9 was markedly reduced by the enzymatic activity of adenosine deaminase. Inhibitors of the P1 adenosine receptors also reduced the anti-oxidative effect of S100A8/A9 providing further support for the involvement of adenosine metabolites in S100A8/A9 anti-oxidative effect.

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“…In periodontitis, calprotectin levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from diseased sites are significantly higher than those in GCF from healthy sites and show positive correlations with several clinical and biochemical markers, including probing depth, interleukin 1␤, prostaglandin E2, collagenase, and aspartate aminotransferase activity (23,30). In GCF, calprotectin probably originates from pocket epithelia and inflammatory cells, including neutrophils and monocytes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Calprotectin Expression In Vitro by Oral Epithelial Cells Confers Resistance to Infection byPorphyromonas gingivalis

2001

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Calprotectin, an S100 calcium-binding protein with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity in vitro, is expressed in neutrophils, monocytes, and gingival keratinocytes. In periodontitis, calprotectin appears upregulated and is detected at higher levels in gingival crevicular fluid and tissue specimens. How calprotectin contributes to the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases is unknown. To isolate the effects of calprotectin, a calprotectin-negative oral epithelial cell line was transfected with calprotectin genes to enable expression. Porphyromonas gingivalis was permitted to bind and invade transfected cells expressing calprotectin and sham transfectants. Rates of invasion into both cell lines were compared using the antibiotic protection assay. Transfected cells expressing calprotectin showed 40 to 50% fewer internalized P. gingivalis than sham transfectants. Similarly, binding to calprotectin expressing cells was reduced approximately twofold at all time points (15, 30, 45, and 60 min) as estimated by immunofluorescence analysis. Independent of invasion, however, prolonged exposure to P. gingivalis induced epithelial cell rounding and detachment from the substratum. These morphological changes were delayed, however, in cells expressing calprotectin. Using P. gingivalis protease-deficient mutants, we found that Arg-gingipain and Lys-gingipain contributed to epithelial cell rounding and detachment. In conclusion, expression of calprotectin appears to protect epithelial cells in culture against binding and invasion by P. gingivalis. In addition, cells expressing calprotectin are more resistant to detachment mediated by Arg-gingipain and Lys-gingipain. In periodontal disease, calprotectin may augment both the barrier protection and innate immune functions of the gingival epithelium to promote resistance to P. gingivalis infection.

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The Association of Calprotectin Level in Gingival Crevicular Fluid With Gingival Index and the Activities of Collagenase and Aspartate Aminotransferase in Adult Periodontitis Patients

Abstract: From the present results and our previous findings, it is shown that the GCF calprotectin level significantly correlates not only with clinical indicators but also with current biochemical marker levels and that calprotectin may be a useful marker for periodontal inflammation.

Cited by 61 publications

References 46 publications

Gingival Crevicular Fluid Calprotectin, Osteocalcin and Cross-Linked N-Terminal Telopeptid Levels in Health and Different Periodontal Diseases

Gingival Crevicular Fluid Calprotectin, Osteocalcin and Cross-Linked N-Terminal Telopeptid Levels in Health and Different Periodontal Diseases

S100A8 and S100A9 inhibit neutrophil oxidative metabolismin-vitro: Involvement of adenosine metabolites

Calprotectin Expression In Vitro by Oral Epithelial Cells Confers Resistance to Infection byPorphyromonas gingivalis

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