The association of ABO blood group with the asymptomatic COVID-19 cases in India

Singh, Prajjval Pratap; Srivastava, Abhishek K.; Upadhyay, Sudhir K.; Singh, Ashish Pratap; Upadhyay, Shashank; Kumar, Pradeep; Rai, Vandana; Shrivastava, Pankaj; Chaubey, Gyaneshwer

doi:10.1016/j.transci.2021.103224

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In addition, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections were more frequent in the A-group, considered the higher-risk group in some studies. This finding was not consistent with other studies [ 43 , 44 , 45 ], but the others have also found no differences among ABO [ 46 ]. On the other hand, in our second study [ 21 ], with only COVID-19 cases compared with an ABO distribution in an active general population of a Spanish Mediterranean zone, no significant differences in COVID-19 incidence among ABO were found [ 47 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

ABO Blood Groups and Incidence of COVID-19 in the Mass Gathering Events in Borriana (Spain), March 2020: A Retrospective Cohort Study

et al. 2023

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Our objective was to estimate the incidence of COVID-19 and the ABO blood Groups in the mass-gathering events (MGEs) during the Falles Festival in Borriana (Spain) from 6–10 March 2020. We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study and measured anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and the ABO of participants. We performed laboratory COVID-19 tests and obtained the ABO in 775 subjects (72.8% of the original exposed cohort): O-group (45.2%), A-group (43.1%), B-group (8.5%) and AB-group (3.4%). Adjusted for confounding factors, including COVID-19 exposure during the MGEs, attack rates of COVID-19 for each ABO group were 55.4%, 59.6%, 60.2%, and 63.7%. The adjusted relative risks were for O-group 0.93 (95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.83–1.04), for A-group 1.06 (95% CI 0.94–1.18), for B-group 1.04 (95%CI 0.88–1.24), and for AB-group 1.11 (95% CI 0.81–1.51) with no significant differences. Conclusions: Our results suggest no effect of ABO on COVID-19 incidence. We observed weak but not significant protection of the O-group and not a significantly greater infection risk for the remaining groups compared with the O-group. More studies are needed to resolve the controversies regarding the association between ABO and COVID-19.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

ABO Blood Groups and Incidence of COVID-19 in the Mass Gathering Events in Borriana (Spain), March 2020: A Retrospective Cohort Study

et al. 2023

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“…In geographical areas where blood group A is less frequent and conversely, blood group B is more frequent, one might expect that the latter, as well as blood group AB, appear at a higher risk of COVID-19 in epidemiological studies. Indeed, this has been observed in several studies originating from India, Pakistan, Bahrain, Saudi-Arabia, and Iran (Abdollahi et al, 2020;Aljanobi et al, 2020;Almahdi et al, 2020;Padhi et al, 2020;Rahim et al, 2021;Singh et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

ABO Blood Group Incompatibility Protects Against SARS-CoV-2 Transmission

et al. 2022

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ABO blood groups appear to be associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but the underlying mechanisms and their real importance remain unclear. Two hypotheses have been proposed: ABO compatibility-dependence (neutralization by anti-ABO antibodies) and ABO-dependent intrinsic susceptibility (spike protein attachment to histo-blood group glycans). We tested the first hypothesis through an anonymous questionnaire addressed to hospital staff members. We estimated symptomatic secondary attack rates (SAR) for 333 index cases according to spouse ABO blood group compatibility. Incompatibility was associated with a lower SAR (28% vs. 47%; OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.27–0.69), but no ABO dependence was detected in compatible situations. For the second hypothesis, we detected no binding of recombinant SARS-CoV-2 RBD to blood group-containing glycans. Thus, although no intrinsic differences in susceptibility according to ABO blood type were detected, ABO incompatibility strongly decreased the risk of COVID-19 transmission, suggesting that anti-ABO antibodies contribute to virus neutralization.

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“…However, there is growing evidence that blood group 0 has a lower risk for severe disease course [ 39 , 44 ]. Furthermore, AB individuals were demonstrated to have a higher risk for a SARS-CoV-2 infection [ 35 , 45 ], severe disease course including the necessity of ventilation [ 33 , 34 ] and increased mortality [ 33 ] compared to other AB0 blood groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Naturally Acquired and Functional SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Blood Donors One Year after Infection

Nunhofer

Weidner

Hoeggerl

et al. 2022

Viruses

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The developmental course of antibodies produced after a SARS-CoV-2 infection has been insufficiently investigated so far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels against the viral nucleocapsid- and spike-protein among Austrian blood donors as a representative group of a supposedly healthy population within the first year after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. The impact of age, sex, vaccination status, AB0-blood group and awareness about the infection was evaluated. Our study shows that the level of anti-N antibodies is declining, while anti-S antibody levels remain stable. Antibodies detected were functional in vitro. Age, sex and blood group do not influence antibody dynamics. However, blood group AB shows significantly lower antibody levels and in vitro functionality compared to other blood groups. Our data reveal that one out of five individuals was not aware of a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection and that the disease course neither affects the level of antibody production nor the in vitro functionality. We also found that 14% of participants show persisting COVID-19-related symptoms for up to nine months. Our results provide valuable insights into the dynamics of the immune response after a SARS-CoV-2 infection in a representative cohort of adult blood donors in Central Europe.

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The association of ABO blood group with the asymptomatic COVID-19 cases in India

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

ABO Blood Groups and Incidence of COVID-19 in the Mass Gathering Events in Borriana (Spain), March 2020: A Retrospective Cohort Study

ABO Blood Groups and Incidence of COVID-19 in the Mass Gathering Events in Borriana (Spain), March 2020: A Retrospective Cohort Study

ABO Blood Group Incompatibility Protects Against SARS-CoV-2 Transmission

Persistence of Naturally Acquired and Functional SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies in Blood Donors One Year after Infection

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