The association between various indices of obesity and severity of atherosclerosis in adults in the north of Iran

Salari, Arsalan; Shakiba, Maryam; Mahdavi-Roshan, Marjan; Gholipour, Mahboobeh; Naghshbandi, Moona; Rajabi, Ramin

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000005670

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…There is a consensus whereby, to measure the success of any intervention in programs for modifying the body composition, single indicators like weight loss or BMI should not be used. Evidence has shown that body weight per se cannot be considered to be reliable [13]. Instead, parameters representing the quality of the weight loss, such as muscle mass gain or body fat loss, should be used [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in body composition with a hypocaloric diet combined with sedentary, moderate and high-intense physical activity: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2019

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BackgroundThere is evidence showing the effectiveness of a hypocaloric diet and the increase in physical activity on weight loss. However, the combined role of these factors, not only on weight loss but also body composition, remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a hypocaloric diet on the body composition of obese adult women throughout different degrees of physical activity during a weight loss program.MethodsOne hundred and seventeen healthy female volunteers were randomly assigned to one of the experimental groups: a control group with a low-level prescription of physical activity (1–4 METs), moderate physical activity group that performed 10.000 steps walking (5–8 METs) and intense physical activity group that trained exercises by at least 70% of VO2max three times a week (> 8 METs). All subjects followed a hypocaloric diet designed with a reduction of 500 kcal/day. Nutritional counseling was provided throughout the study period to help ensure dietary adherence.ResultsWe found no differences in body weight compared to moderate and intense physical activity (ßstand. = − 0.138 vs. ßstand. = − 0.139). Body fat was lower in women following an intense activity (ßstand. = − 0.436) than those with moderate exercise (ßstand. = − 0.231). The high-intense activity also increased muscle mass at the end of the intervention, standing out above the moderate activity (ßstand. = 0.182 vs. ßstand. = 0.008).ConclusionsThese findings indicate that a hypocaloric diet, without prescription of physical activity, is adequate to lose weight in the short term (12 weeks), but physical activity is vital to modify the body composition in women with obesity. Body fat was lower when women practiced a moderate exercise compared to hypocaloric diet only, but an intense physical activity was the most effective protocol to obtain a reduction of body fat and maintain muscle mass.Trial registrationThe study protocol complied with the Declaration of Helsinki for medical studies, it was approved by the bioethical committee of Córdoba University, in the Department of Health at the Regional Government of Andalusia (Act n°284, ref.4156) and retrospectively registered in clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03833791). Registered 2 January 2019.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in body composition with a hypocaloric diet combined with sedentary, moderate and high-intense physical activity: a randomized controlled trial

et al. 2019

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“…On the contrary, in a recent study on 610 healthy Iranian adults, Salari et al ( 34 ) report no independent association between obesity indices and atherosclerosis. In addition, results of a cross-sectional study on 120 subjects undergoing coronary angiography showed that anthropometric measurements could not be markers of atherosclerosis in subjects with overweight/obesity ( 35 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Cardiovascular Risk Assessed by Reynolds Risk Score in Relation to Waist Circumference in Apparently Healthy Middle-Aged Population in Montenegro

Klisić

Kavarić

Bjelaković

et al. 2018

ACC

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SUMMARY – Reynolds Risk Score (RRS) is regarded as a good screening tool for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Since CVD is the leading cause of death in Montenegro, we aimed to assess the risk of CVD as assessed by RRS and to examine its association with cardiometabolic parameters in apparently healthy middle-aged population. In addition, we aimed to test whether obesity had an independent influence on RRS. A total of 132 participants (mean age 56.2±6.73 years, 69% females) were included. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP) and biochemical parameters (fasting glucose, insulin, lipid parameters, creatinine and high sensitivity C-reactive protein) were determined. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were calculated. Compared with females, a significantly higher number of males were in the high RRS subgroup (χ 2 =45.9, p<0.001). Furthermore, significantly higher fasting glucose (p=0.030), insulin, HOMA-IR, triglycerides (p<0.001 all), anthropometric parameters (e.g., BMI and WC; p=0.004 and p<0.001, respectively), and creatinine, but lower eGFR and HDL-c (p<0.001 both) were recorded in the high-risk subgroup compared with low and medium risk subgroups. In all participants, in addition to LDL-c, diastolic BP and creatinine, WC was independently positively associated with RRS (β=0.194, p=0.006; β=0.286, p=0.001; β=0.267, p=0.001; and β=0.305, p=0.019, respectively), and 40% of variation in RRS could be explained with this model. In conclusion, middle-aged population with higher WC should be screened for RRS in order to estimate CVD risk.

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“…The average age distribution of patients in the current study was mostly in the sixth decade (60); the result seems similar to those of previous studies. 11,12 This might be the most frequent complications that occur and appear at the mentioned age group. Concerning gender, this study revealed that CAPs percentage in males was slightly higher (51%) than females (48%).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Estimation of interferon gamma and some inflammatory atherogenic biomarkers levels in obese coronary atherosclerotic patients

Abdulrahman

AL-Barzinji

2020

Zanco J. Med. Sci.

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Atherosclerosis, an underlying cause of cardiovascular disease, is responsible for around half of all deaths in the wide world. 1 Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) is a signature cytokine of Th1 cells that play a key role in the atherosclerosis process. 2 It has atheroma-promoting properties, and involved both in early and late stages of atherosclerosis by promoting the recruitment and activation of T cells and macrophages, leads to the production of proinflammatory cytokines. 3 Several immunohistochemical studies have discovered localization of IFN-γ in the atherosclerotic lesion. 4 Studies also report that the removal of IFN-γ or its receptors leads to a reduction in atherosclerosis. 5 Obesity is one of the vital risk factors for atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic syndrome. There is evidence that proinflammatory cytokine, including IFN-γ are overexpressed from adipose tissue. Various mechanisms have been suggested Background and objective: Coronary atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease that may be caused by numerous factors. One of the most important factors is obesity; there are high concentrations of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) in obese patients. This study aimed to assess the levels of proinflammatory markers IFN-γ and high sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) in obese coronary atherosclerotic patients and determine its correlation with lipid profiles. Methods: The present case-control study was carried out between December 2017 and May 2018 in the Cardiac Center-Surgical Specialty Hospital in Erbil city. It included 49 coronary atherosclerotic patients, 25 males and 24 females, and 39 controls. The sera were subjected to estimate of some inflammatory biomarkers including IFN-γ, Hs-CRP, and lipid profile such as total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL-C). Results: Serum concentrations of IFN-γ and Hs-CRP in coronary atherosclerotic patients were increased significantly than controls (P = 0.031, P = 0.001), respectively. Indeed the same above results were seen in obese coronary atherosclerotic patients and controls than non-obese coronary atherosclerotic patients controls. The mean concentration of lipid profile in obese coronary atherosclerotic patients was decreased than non-obese coronary atherosclerotic patients and controls, with no significant differences (P ≥0.05). There was a weak negative significant correlation between IFN-γ and HDL-C in obese coronary atherosclerotic patients (r=-0.456; P = 0.040). Conclusion: Proinflammatory cytokine as IFN-γ played a vital role in the pathophysiology of obese atherosclerotic patients in combination with Hs-CRP and LDL-C, which could be used as predictors for progressive the disease.

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The association between various indices of obesity and severity of atherosclerosis in adults in the north of Iran

Cited by 19 publications

References 28 publications

Changes in body composition with a hypocaloric diet combined with sedentary, moderate and high-intense physical activity: a randomized controlled trial

Changes in body composition with a hypocaloric diet combined with sedentary, moderate and high-intense physical activity: a randomized controlled trial

Cardiovascular Risk Assessed by Reynolds Risk Score in Relation to Waist Circumference in Apparently Healthy Middle-Aged Population in Montenegro

Estimation of interferon gamma and some inflammatory atherogenic biomarkers levels in obese coronary atherosclerotic patients

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