The association between the dietary inflammatory index and gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of observational studies

Bakhshimoghaddam, Farnush; Razmi, Hamidreza; Malihi, Reza; Mansoori, Anahita; Ahangarpour, Akram

doi:10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.08.007

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Insulin resistance, which is crucial in GDM development, may impair liver function and elevate ALT levels (Sakurai et al, 2021). GDM has been associated with metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation (Bakhshimoghaddam et al, 2023), potentially exacerbating liver stress and ALT levels (Huang et al, 2019). Moreover, the interplay between inflammation and insulin resistance could intensify GDM progression (Zheng et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Causal Relationship Between Alanine Aminotransferase Levels and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Mendelian Randomization Analysis Based on Two Samples

Yin,

Hu,

et al. 2024

Twin Res Hum Genet

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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a frequent complication of pregnancy. The specific mechanisms underlying GDM have not yet been fully elucidated. Contemporary research indicates a potential association between liver enzyme irregularities and an increased risk of metabolic disorders, including diabetes. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level is recognized as a sensitive marker of liver injury. An increase in ALT levels is hypothesized to be linked to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetes. Nonetheless, the definitive causal link between ALT levels and GDM still needs to be determined. This investigation utilized two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the genetic causation between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and GDM. We acquired alanine aminotransferase (ALT)-related GWAS summary data from the UK Biobank, Million Veteran Program, Rotterdam Study, and Lifeline Study. Gestational diabetes data were obtained from the FinnGen Consortium. We employed various MR analysis techniques, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, simple, and weighted weighting. In addition to MR-Egger intercepts, Cochrane’s Q test was also used to assess heterogeneity in the MR data, and the MR-PRESSO test was used to assess horizontal pleiotropy. To assess the association’s sensitivity, a leave-one-out approach was employed. The IVW results confirmed the independent risk factor for GDM development, as indicated by the ALT level (p = .011). As shown by leave-one-out analysis, horizontal pleiotrophy did not significantly skew the causative link (p > .05). Our dual-sample MR analysis provides substantiated evidence of a genetic causal relationship between alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and gestational diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Causal Relationship Between Alanine Aminotransferase Levels and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Mendelian Randomization Analysis Based on Two Samples

Yin,

Hu,

et al. 2024

Twin Res Hum Genet

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“…While current research provides valuable insights into the association between DII and chronic inflammatory diseases, certain challenges exist. Variability in study designs, dietary assessment methods, and outcome measures create significant hurdles in comparing results across studies ( 29 ). Additionally, the complex interplay of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors requires further investigation to delineate the precise mechanisms linking DII to chronic inflammatory diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cataract, a leading cause of visual impairment globally, is characterized by the clouding of the eye’s natural lens. While aging remains a primary risk factor, recent research has increasingly explored the potential link between cataract development and chronic inflammation ( 29 ). Studies have investigated the association between systemic inflammatory markers and the risk of cataract development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between dietary inflammation index and cataract: a population-based study from NHANES 2005–2008

Zhang,

Zhou,

Shen

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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ImportanceVarious studies have widely explored the association between index of dietary inflammation (DII) and occurrence of diseases. Accumulating evidence have revealed that a lower DII seems to be protective against a variety of diseases. Nevertheless, the association between DII and age-related cataract remains unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between DII and age-related cataract in a representative sample of the American population.Design, setting, and participantsThis cross-sectional population-based study comprised 6,395 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted in cycles from 2005 to 2008. DII was calculated using dietary recall information, with higher scores indicating greater inflammatory potential of the diet. Age-related cataract was evaluated using cataract surgery as a surrogate measure. Covariates included sociodemographic factors, lifestyle factors, physical measures, and comorbidities. Logistic regression models were employed to assess the association between DII and cataract. The presence of a non-linear relationship was examined using restricted cubic spline analysis. Subgroup analysis was conducted to explore potential interaction effects. Data analysis was performed from September 1 to December 30, 2022.Main outcomes and measuresAge-related cataract assessed through cataract surgery information obtained from a self-reported questionnaire.ResultsA total of 6,395 participants were included, with a mean (standard deviation, SD) age of 48.7 (15.3) years. Of these, 3,115 (48.7%) were male, 3,333 (52.1%) were non-Hispanic white, and 683 (10.7%) had cataract. The mean (SD) DII was −4.78 (1.74). After adjusting for all included covariates, DII showed a positive association with cataract, both as a continuous variable (odds ratio (OR): 1.054, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.007–1.103, p = 0.023) and in quartiles, with the highest quartile compared to the lowest (OR: 1.555, 95% CI: 1.233–1.967, p < 0.001). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed no evidence of a non-linear relationship (p for non-linearity 0.085). Subgroup analysis indicated no interaction effects among the studied covariates.Conclusions and relevanceThese findings suggest that a pro-inflammatory diet serves as a risk factor for the occurrence of cataracts.

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Impact of Weight Change on Glycemic Control and Metabolic Parameters in T2D: A Retrospective US Study Based on Real-World Data

Shinde,

Thieu,

Kwan

et al. 2023

Diabetes Ther

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Introduction Weight loss has been identified as a key strategy for improving glycemic and metabolic outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the long-term, real-world impact of weight loss on these outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate (1) the association between weight loss and glycemic control, (2) association between weight loss and metabolic parameters, and (3) predictors of weight loss and how weight change trajectory varies based on index body mass index (BMI). Methods A retrospective, longitudinal cohort study using the linked IQVIA Ambulatory electronic medical records and PharMetrics ® Plus databases was performed from January 1, 2010 through December 31, 2019 in adults with T2D. Participants were categorized into 1-year and 5-year follow-up cohorts based on their observed weight change over time. Longitudinal values for vital signs and laboratory parameters, including BMI, weight, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and metabolic parameters (liver enzymes and cholesterol), were reported at index date and every 6 months post index date. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the factors associated with weight loss. Results Of 1,493,964 people evaluated, 1,061,354 (71%) and 308,320 (20.6%) were classified into the 1-year and 5-year follow-up cohorts. Average HbA1c reductions of 1.2% and 0.5% were observed among people who lost ≥ 15% of index weight in the 1-year and 5-year follow-up cohorts, respectively. Higher weight loss percentages were associated with numerically greater improvements in metabolic parameters. The presence of bariatric surgery and higher index BMIs were identified as the strongest predictors of ≥ 15% and ≥ 10% weight loss in both follow-up cohorts. Conclusion Results from this study suggest that modest and sustained weight loss can lead to clinically meaningful improvements in glycemic and metabolic parameters among people with T2D. These findings highlight the importance of weight management in managing T2D and preventing its associated complications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13300-023-01511-4.

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The association between the dietary inflammatory index and gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review of observational studies

Cited by 5 publications

References 33 publications

Genetic Causal Relationship Between Alanine Aminotransferase Levels and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Mendelian Randomization Analysis Based on Two Samples

Genetic Causal Relationship Between Alanine Aminotransferase Levels and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Mendelian Randomization Analysis Based on Two Samples

Association between dietary inflammation index and cataract: a population-based study from NHANES 2005–2008

Impact of Weight Change on Glycemic Control and Metabolic Parameters in T2D: A Retrospective US Study Based on Real-World Data

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