The Association Between Serum Palmitic Acid and Thyroid Function

Zhou, Guowei; Xu, Yumeng; Zhai, Ya; Zhang, Gong; Xu, Kun; Wang, Gaoyuan; Sun, Chen; Ma, Chaoqun

doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.860634

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In a cross-sectional study, Zhou et al [20] examined the relationship between serum palmitic acid and thyroid function in the United States population using the database of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2012. They identified a significant negative association between serum palmitic acid and free T4 [20]. In our study, methimazole-naïve patients had an elevated serum level of palmitic acid Copyright © 2022 Korean Endocrine Society and this was decreased after methimazole treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our data are consistent with an inverse relationship between thyroid activity and the percentage levels of palmitic acid in FFAs. In a cross-sectional study, Zhou et al [ 20 ] examined the relationship between serum palmitic acid and thyroid function in the United States population using the database of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2012. They identified a significant negative association between serum palmitic acid and free T4 [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolite Changes during the Transition from Hyperthyroidism to Euthyroidism in Patients with Graves’ Disease

et al. 2022

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Background: An excess of thyroid hormones in Graves’ disease (GD) has profound effects on systemic energy metabolism that are currently partially understood. In this study, we aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the metabolite changes that occur when patients with GD transition from hyperthyroidism to euthyroidism with methimazole treatment.Methods: Eighteen patients (mean age, 38.6±14.7 years; 66.7% female) with newly diagnosed or relapsed GD attending the endocrinology outpatient clinics in a single institution were recruited between January 2019 and July 2020. All subjects were treated with methimazole to achieve euthyroidism. We explored metabolomics by performing liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of plasma samples of these patients and then performed multivariate statistical analysis of the metabolomics data.Results: Two hundred metabolites were measured before and after 12 weeks of methimazole treatment in patients with GD. The levels of 61 metabolites, including palmitic acid (C16:0) and oleic acid (C18:1), were elevated in methimazole-naïve patients with GD, and these levels were decreased by methimazole treatment. The levels of another 15 metabolites, including glycine and creatinine, were increased after recovery of euthyroidism upon methimazole treatment in patients with GD. Pathway analysis of metabolomics data showed that hyperthyroidism was closely related to aminoacyl-transfer ribonucleic acid biosynthesis and branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis pathways.Conclusion: In this study, significant variations of plasma metabolomic patterns that occur during the transition from hyperthyroidism to euthyroidism were detected in patients with GD via untargeted metabolomics analysis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolite Changes during the Transition from Hyperthyroidism to Euthyroidism in Patients with Graves’ Disease

et al. 2022

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“…4-HBA in serum samples could be derived from the catechin metabolism of green tea, which is involved in ubiquinone biosynthesis in humans and could inhibit oxidative stress, thus protecting neuronal cells in neurodegeneration [41]. PA is a major fatty acid existing in human blood and retina and interferes with multiple normal biological functions, including protein palmitoylation and PEA biosynthesis [42,43], which, in turn, influence the oligodendrocyte differentiation and are involved in age-related neurodegenerative disorders [44]. Our results of lower serum PA and faecal PEA levels in the nAMD group highly indicated that diet-nutrition-adjustment treatment could improve the neuroprotective metabolites in nAMD patients and provide remission of the AMD disease process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations in Faecal and Serum Metabolic Profiles in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Yuan,

Zhu,

Yue

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is a common and multifactorial disease in the elderly that may lead to irreversible vision loss; yet the pathogenesis of AMD remains unclear. In this study, nontargeted metabolomics profiling using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-Exactive Orbitrap mass spectrometry was applied to discover the metabolic feature differences in both faeces and serum samples between Chinese nonobese subjects with and without nAMD. In faecal samples, a total of 18 metabolites were significantly altered in nAMD patients, and metabolic dysregulations were prominently involved in glycerolipid metabolism and nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. In serum samples, a total of 29 differential metabolites were founded, involved in caffeine metabolism, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and purine metabolism. Two faecal metabolites (palmitoyl ethanolamide and uridine) and three serum metabolites (4-hydroxybenzoic acid, adrenic acid, and palmitic acid) were selected as potential biomarkers for nAMD. Additionally, the significant correlations among dysregulated neuroprotective, antineuroinflammatory, or fatty acid metabolites in faecal and serum and IM dysbiosis were found. This comprehensive metabolomics study of faeces and serum samples showed that alterations in IM-mediated neuroprotective metabolites may be involved in the pathophysiology of AMD, offering IM-based nutritional therapeutic targets for nAMD.

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“…There are three main iodothyronine deiodinases in the body: iodothyronine deiodinase 1 (DIO1) and iodothyronine deiodinase 2 (DIO2) 5′-deiodinases catalyzes the activation reaction from T4 to T3, iodothyronine deiodinase 3 (DIO3) 5-deiodinase catalyzes the activation reaction from T4 inactivation response to reverse T3 (10). FT3/FT4 reaction 5'-deiodinase activity can be used to evaluate peripheral thyroid sensitivity (2,(11)(12)(13)(14). The FT3/FT4 ratio seems to be a precise and reasonable indicator of thyroid hormone metabolic change that is associated with the prognosis of specific diseases, including coronary heart disease (CHD), myocardial infarction (MI), and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) (15-18).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FT3/FT4 ratio is correlated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease risk: NHANES 2007-2012

Lang

Zhang

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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BackgroundThyroid hormones play a vital role in maintaining the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. The FT3/FT4 ratio can be used to evaluate the rate of T4-to-T3 conversion, reflecting the peripheral sensitivity of thyroid hormones. There is no study to investigate its relationship with death and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the general population.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study involved 8,018 participants with measured thyroid function and no prior thyroid disease who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2012. Mortality status was determined by routine follow-up using the National Death Index through December 31, 2015.ResultsDuring a median of 87 months of follow-up, we observed 699 all-cause deaths, including 116 cardiovascular deaths. In multivariate adjusted models, higher free thyroxine (FT4) was linked to increased all-cause mortality (HR, 1.15 per SD; 95% CI, 1.09-1.22), cardiovascular mortality (HR, 1.18 per SD; 95% CI, 1.01-1.39), and CVD risk (HR, 1.17 per SD; 95% CI, 1.08-1.27). Higher free triiodothyronine (FT3) was linked to decreased all-cause mortality (HR 0.81 per SD; 95% CI, 0.70-0.93). Higher FT3/FT4 ratio was linked to decreased all-cause mortality (HR, 0.77 per SD; 95% CI, 0.69-0.85), cardiovascular mortality (HR, 0.79 per SD; 95% CI, 0.62-1.00), and CVD risk (HR, 0.82 per SD; 95% CI, 0.74-0.92). The FT3/FT4 ratio stratified findings were broadly consistent with the overall results.ConclusionsFT3, FT4, and the FT3/FT4 ratio were all independent predictors of all-cause death. FT4 and the FT3/FT4 ratio, but not FT3, were independent predictors of cardiovascular mortality and CVD risk. Along with FT3 and FT4, we should pay equal attention to the FT3/FT4 ratio in the general population.

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The Association Between Serum Palmitic Acid and Thyroid Function

Cited by 4 publications

References 44 publications

Metabolite Changes during the Transition from Hyperthyroidism to Euthyroidism in Patients with Graves’ Disease

Metabolite Changes during the Transition from Hyperthyroidism to Euthyroidism in Patients with Graves’ Disease

Alterations in Faecal and Serum Metabolic Profiles in Patients with Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

FT3/FT4 ratio is correlated with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease risk: NHANES 2007-2012

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