The Association Between S100A8/A9 and the Development of Very Late Stent Thrombosis in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract

Very late stent thrombosis (VLST) is a rare but serious complication following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). S100A8/A9 plays an important role in thrombosis through modulating the inflammatory response. This observational study aimed to reveal the association between S100A8/A9 and VLST. Continuous blood samples were collected from patients at both the time of index PCI for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and the time of PCI for VLST (VLST group) or follow-up coronary angiography (AMI group). In all, 56 patients were selected in each group from a cohort of 8476 patients and other 112 individuals who underwent health checkups (normal control [NC] group) were selected as controls. Serum levels of S100A8/A9 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were tested and compared. The mean level of S100A8/A9 was 3754.4 ± 1688.9 ng/mL during index PCI and increased to 5517.8 ± 2650.9 ng/mL at the time of VLST; in the AMI group, S100A8/A9 level was 2434.9 ± 1243.4 ng/mL during index PCI and decreased to 1568.2 ± 772.1 ng/mL during follow-up, similar to that detected in the NC group (1618.2 ± 641.4 ng/mL). Of note, S100A8/A9 levels showed significant increases during VLST when compared to its own levels during index PCI, which was different from the changes of hs-CRP. Higher serum levels of S100A8/A9 are associated with the development of VLST.

Integrated Analysis Reveals S100a8/a9 Regulates Autophagy and Apoptosis through the MAPK and PI3K-AKT Signaling Pathway in the Early Stage of Myocardial Infarction

“…In the latter two stages, the increase in S100a8 and S100a9 expression tended to be flat, and the biological processes of collagen formation and cell adhesion gradually became prominent. S100a8 and S100a9 can also cause stent thrombosis in the very late stage of acute myocardial infarction [ 38 ]. The mRNA expression of S100a8 and S100a9 obtained in this study was derived from the right ventricle and whole heart tissue.…”

Circulating Levels of Calprotectin as a Biomarker in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

“…From these, 311 were duplicates, and after screening of unique reports based on title/abstract, 56 studies remained. These went through full‐text screening for data quality so that 20 high‐quality studies were included in our systematic review [ 14 , 23 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. Figure 1 depicts the search details, reasons for exclusion, and a schematic diagram of the overall selection process.…”

S100 proteins in cardiovascular diseases

“…Very late stent thrombosis (VLST) is a rare but serious complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The level of 100A8/A9 during VLST is significantly higher than after PCI alone (Wang et al 2020a ). S100A8/A9 is present in the wall and thrombus lumen of enlarged intracranial aneurysms.…”