The association between psychosocial factors, protective factors, and its associated triggers with psychological distress among Bolivian adolescents

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between psychosocial factors, protective factors, and its associated triggers with psychological distress among Bolivian adolescents. This cross-sectional study was conducted by investigating the 2018 Bolivia global school-based student health survey (GSHS). The total number of students who participated in this survey was 7931, and the final sample was 7377. The mean age of the participants was 15.3 years (SD = 1.4). Psychological distress was assessed with a 2-item screener (loneliness and worry induced sleep disturbance). In all 22.3% of participants reported experiencing psychological distress, with 18.1% among adolescent males and 26.2% among adolescent females. In adjusted logistic regression analysis (AOR, 95% CI), there are two significant directions of association. One is the negative association, such as parental involvement as a protective factor. School adolescents who had more parental involvement were less likely to experience psychological distress. Parents understand problems or worries (0.64, 0.54–0.75, p < .001) and parents disregard privacy (0.69, 0.58–0.82, p < .001). On the other hand, many psycho-social factors are significantly positively associated with psychological distress. School adolescents who experience more psychosocial factors are more likely to experience psychological distress. Physical assault in the previous year (1.83, 1.59–2.11, p < .001), being bullied at school (1.27, 1.07–1.52, p < .01), being bullied outside of school (1.36, 1.15–1.61, p < .001), and being cyberbullied (1.60, 1.37–1.88, p < .001), were all significantly associated with psychological distress. Healthy relationships in a family, and interventions to reduce violence and bullying, should be encouraged and promoted.

The Role of Psychological Factors in Self-Leadership Development an Investigation Among E-Commerce Webcast Streamers

“…While self-leadership has been studied extensively in other contexts, its applicability to webcast streamers remains mostly uncharted territory. This literature review highlights the importance of investigating the psychological factors that drive self-leadership development among webcast streamers and sets the stage for the empirical inquiry conducted in this research article (Losa-Iglesias et al, 2023;Suanrueang et al, 2023). We can provide significant counsel to webcast streamers, enterprises, and scholars invested in the dynamic world of e-commerce and self-leadership development by acquiring a greater understanding of these elements (Wei et al, 2024;Wen, 2023).…”

“…Businesses can benefit from this information by learning how to build productive collaborations with these prominent people. In the end, this study aims to advance the continuing discussion on the influence of psychological elements on leadership and success in the digital era (Rainieri et al, 2023;Suanrueang et al, 2023).…”