The Association Between Plasma Copper Concentration and Prevalence of Diabetes in Chinese Adults With Hypertension

Abstract

ObjectiveThe relationship between plasma copper concentration and prevalence of diabetes in adults with hypertension is unclear. We aimed to determine the association between plasma copper concentration and prevalence of diabetes in Chinese adults with hypertension.MethodsA total of 2,579 participants (697 cases and 1,882 controls) was included in this cross-sectional study. Plasma copper concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the association between plasma copper concentration and prevalence of diabetes.ResultsAccording to the logistic regression analyses, the adjusted OR for the prevalence of diabetes in participants with plasma copper concentration ≥109.4 μg/dL was 1.26 (1.00, 1.58) compared with those with plasma copper concentration <109.4 μg/dL (P = 0.048). The association was no longer significant following further adjusting for serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration as a potential confounder. Stratified analyses demonstrated that serum HDL-C concentration significantly modified the association between plasma copper concentration and prevalence of diabetes (P-interaction = 0.043). In the strata of serum HDL-C concentration ≥1.2 mmol/L, a 56% increased prevalence of diabetes was observed in participants with plasma copper concentration ≥109.4 μg/dL compared with those with plasma copper concentration <109.4 μg/dL (P = 0.008). No significant relationship between plasma copper concentration and prevalence of diabetes was found in other strata.ConclusionOur findings suggested that high plasma copper concentration (≥109.4 μg/dL) was associated with increased prevalence of diabetes in Chinese hypertensive adults with serum HDL-C concentration ≥1.2 mmol/L.

The association between serum copper concentration and prevalence of diabetes among US adults with hypertension (NHANES 2011–2016)

“…It is worth noting that non‐Hispanic Black, participants received education of college or above, obesity and drinkers were more likely to show such association. Before this study, there was a previous published article assessing the association between plasma copper concentration and diabetes in hypertensive Chinese adults 39 . However, given the racial differences as well as environmental differences, it remains unclear whether the above conclusions are analogous among Americans.…”

Single and Combined Associations of Plasma and Urine Essential Trace Elements (Zn, Cu, Se, and Mn) with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Mediterranean Population

“…There is currently much controversy about the protective or risk role of these essential trace elements on cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. This is because studies conducted on this topic over the past few decades have yielded inconsistent results [ 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 ]. Numerous variables [ 50 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ] can impact the different results of studies in this field.…”

“…In this Mediterranean population, correlations between plasma concentrations and urine concentrations of these biomarkers were found to be quite weak. Depending on the biomarker utilized, these low correlations may account for the disparity in results across published studies [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ]. Although the majority of published studies analyzed plasma, serum, or blood concentrations, other studies used urine biomarkers [ 97 , 124 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 ].…”

“…The ability of Mn to enhance oxidative stress is due to the transition of its oxidative state +2 to +3, which increases its pro-oxidant capacity [ 65 ]. However, the current emphasis is on the chronic effect of moderately high concentrations of these elements, given the growing evidence of an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemias, and some cardiovascular outcomes [ 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 ]. Despite the large number of studies [ 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ] that show a direct relationship between Se, Cu, Zn, or Mn and cardiovascular risk factors, there are other studies that show no associations or even an inverse relationship [ 51 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 ].…”

CHS-2 is involved in the response of Aedes albopictus larvae to Cadmium stress by mediating the formation of peritrophic membrane

“…Heavy metals are metals with relative density greater than 5 g/cm 3 , including 53 naturally occurring metal elements such as Cadmium (Cd), Copper (Cu), Chromium (Cr), Nickel (Ni), Mercury (Hg), Manganese (Mn) and Zinc (Zn) (Järup, 2003). Some heavy metals are essential elements for biological physiological metabolism, which are essential for biological activities such as protein synthesis and lipid metabolism (Camponeschi & Banci, 2019, Klaudia et al, 2022, but may also harm organisms at high concentrations (Cui et al, 2022(Cui et al, , J, 1990, other heavy metals, such as Cd, Hg, Cr, Arsenic (As), Lead (Pb) and other nonessential metal elements, are highly toxic at low concentrations and are also called toxic heavy metals (Tchounwou et al, 2012, Clemens & Ma, 2016. Most heavy metals exist naturally in various natural systems in the oxidized state, once their content exceeds the environmental capacity, it will have an impact on the environment, leading to heavy metal pollution.…”