The Association Between Physical Functioning and Self-rated General Health in Later Life: The Implications of Social Comparison

Abstract

Self-rated general health has been used widely in health surveys as a single-item measurement of health-rated quality of life. Heterogeneity in selfevaluation of health has been well documented, yet the causes of this heterogeneity are poorly understood. This study evaluated the moderating effects of age, aging, gender, race, education and income on the relationship between physical functioning and self-rated general health using social comparison theory as a guiding framework. A longitudinal mixed-effects regression model was used to analyze a cohort enrolled into the Health and Retirement Study in 1993 that was interviewed at baseline and during four subsequent waves. The results revealed that the association between physical functioning and self-rated general health is