The Association Between Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein-1 and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events in the Dallas Heart Study

Association of peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 to post‐myocardial infarction and periodontal inflammation: A subgroup report from the PAROKRANK (Periodontal Disease and the Relation to Myocardial Infarction) study

“…Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) is a secreted antimicrobial and proinflammatory protein, abundant in polymorphonuclear leukocyte granules and releasedon degranulation to counteract microbial infections 1 . High levels of circulating PGLYRP1 have been associated with subclinical atherosclerotic lesions and acute atherosclerotic disease 2–4 . Moreover, global gene expression profiling from patients with acute coronary diseases suggest that PGLYRP1 classifies among highly specific and sensitive diagnostic biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction (MI) 5 …”

“…1 High levels of circulating PGLYRP1 have been associated with subclinical atherosclerotic lesions and acute atherosclerotic disease. [2][3][4] Moreover, global gene expression profiling from patients with acute coronary diseases suggest that PGLYRP1 classifies among highly specific and sensitive diagnostic biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction (MI). 5 MI, a major cause of mortality, may not be fully captured by traditional risk factors and likely to be multifactorial.…”

Effect of metformin on the high‐density lipoprotein proteome in youth with type 1 diabetes

“…11 Overall, our findings suggest that metformin increases the PGRP2 and A2MG proteins on HDL and below we discuss the possible effects on metabolic and were >3 times more likely to develop CVD. 22 Peptidoglycan recognition proteins are known to be responsible for keeping a normal gut microbiome environment and protect the host from inflammation and colitis. 23 PGRP2 is present in the serum, the skin and the epithelial cells of the intestines.…”

“…It is likely that age, sex and diabetes status might further explain alterations of PRGP2 levels in HDL. Also, the peptidoglycan recognition protein 1, (PGRP1), which belongs to the same family of proteins, was found to be associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in the Dallas Heart Study and participants with the highest levels of PGRP1 were >3 times more likely to develop CVD 22 …”

Identification of Key Exosome Gene Signature in Mediating Coronary Heart Disease by Weighted Gene Correlation Network Analysis

“…The elevated LYZ level was closely correlated with disease severity, suggesting its value as a diagnostic tool to assess CHD patients [30]. PGLYRP1 was a bacterial wall component known to be present in human atherosclerosis and was found almost exclusively in the secretory granules of neutrophils and eosinophils [31]. Peptidoglycan might promote inflammation by activating innate immune responses, peptidoglycan recognition proteins, chemokines, and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha) in nonmucosal sites [32].…”