The Association Between Nutritional Adequacy and Long-Term Outcomes in Critically Ill Patients Requiring Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation

Abstract

Greater amounts of nutritional intake received during the first week in the ICU were associated with longer survival time and faster physical recovery to 3 months but not 6 months post ICU discharge in critically ill patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation. Current recommendations to underfeed critically ill patients may cause harm in some long-stay patients.

Combining nutrition and exercise to optimize survival and recovery from critical illness: Conceptual and methodological issues

“…Prior large-scale observational studies of critically ill patients suggest that optimal amounts and timely provision of nutritional intake is associated with reduced infectious complications, duration of mechanical ventilation, and mortality [6e8], along with perceptions of faster physical recovery [9]. Further examination of the data suggests that optimizing daily protein intake, rather than total daily caloric intake, may more positively affect ICU patient outcomes [10,11].…”

Indirect Calorimetry: History, Technology, and Application

“…Adult guidelines suggest that 25–30 Kcal/kg/day is an acceptable energy target (71). Our patient's REE is 37 Kcal/kg/day and the clinician should adjust the nutritional prescription to provide the current REE due to the significant morbidities associated with both under- and over-feeding (63, 72–80). REE does not provide the clinician with insight in regards to protein turnover and needs, a 24 h urinary nitrogen would be helpful in that case.…”

Enteral Nutrition Feeding Adequacy among Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients with High Nutrition Risk in a selected Public Hospital in Malaysia : A preliminary study

“…Given that 88.2% of our high nutrition risk patients were underfed, it is plausible that both feeding inadequacy and disease severity are affecting patients' survival. Many large multi-centre research had been done and confirmed the relationship between feeding adequacy and clinical outcomes after adjusting for disease severity status 2,3,19 , especially in patients with high nutrition risk 6 A Malaysian cohort study on nutritional support practices in ICU is eagerly awaited.…”

“…6 However, this does not mean that only high nutrition risk patients should be singled out for aggressive nutritional therapy. Ideally, feeding adequacy should be ensured in all ICU patients in order to strive for the best clinical 2,3 and functional outcome 19 EN feeding inadequacy among mechanically ventilated critically ill patients is highly prevalent across the globe. 4 The primary reasons was mainly due to frequent interruption of EN feeding.…”