The Association Between Heroin Inhalation and Early Onset Emphysema

Walker, Paul; Thwaite, Erica; Amin, Suzanne; Curtis, John; Calverley, Peter M.A.

doi:10.1378/chest.15-0236

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In addition, there were distinctive radiographic features—described as ill-defined nodular shadows with or without reticular patterns—in opium users that were not seen in pure cigarette smokers 4. More recent study from the UK has also shown the association between heroin inhalation and early onset emphysema 34. Our results are consistent with the findings of these clinical studies, and suggest an increased risk of death from asthma, COPD and pneumonia associated with opium use.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Mortality from respiratory diseases associated with opium use: a population-based cohort study

Rahmati

Shakeri

Khademi

et al. 2016

Thorax

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Background Recent studies have suggested that opium use may increase mortality from cancer and cardiovascular diseases. However, no comprehensive study of opium use and mortality from respiratory diseases has been published. We aimed to study the association between opium use and mortality from respiratory disease using prospectively collected data. Methods We used data from the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS), a prospective cohort study in northeastern Iran, with detailed, validated data on opium use and several other exposures. A total of 50,045 adults were enrolled from 2004 to 2008, and followed annually until June 2015, with a follow-up success rate of 99%. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to evaluate the association between opium use and outcomes of interest. Results During the follow-up period 331 deaths from respiratory disease were reported (85 due to respiratory malignancies and 246 due to nonmalignant etiologies). Opium use was associated with an increased risk of death from any respiratory disease (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 95% CI; 3.13 (2.42-4.04)). The association was dose-dependent with a HR of 3.84 (2.61-5.67) for the highest quintile of cumulative opium use vs. never use (Ptrend<0.001). The hazard ratios (95% CI) for the associations between opium use and malignant and nonmalignant causes of respiratory mortality were 1.96 (1.18-3.25) and 3.71 (2.76-4.96), respectively. Conclusion Long-term opium use is associated with increased mortality from both malignant and nonmalignant respiratory diseases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Mortality from respiratory diseases associated with opium use: a population-based cohort study

Rahmati

Shakeri

Khademi

et al. 2016

Thorax

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“…Retard à consulter et retard au traitement Augmentation de la sévérité de l'asthme (risque de décès) une granulomatose à corps étranger, le plus souvent due au talc [71,72]. Plus récemment, des lésions emphysémateuses précoces ont été mises en évidence grâce à la TDM thoracique chez les utilisateurs d'héroïne par voie inhalée [73]. Dans cette étude [73] réalisée chez des fumeurs d'héroïne âgés en moyenne de 41 ans, l'examen TDM du thorax retrouvait des lésions emphysémateuses des lobes supérieurs, moyens et inférieurs ; 47 % des sujets avaient un score d'emphysème dans le lobe supérieur !…”

Section: Diminution De La Perception De La Dyspnée (Au Cours Des Surdunclassified

Asthme et usage d’héroïne

et al. 2017

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“…They concluded that short-term learning is subtle. 2 Larson et al 12 claim that the effect of learning is less reproducible in older individuals. Our study, conducted with young people also failed to detect any learning.…”

Section: -12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the effect of learning on the full extent of inspiratory and expiratory pressure in healthy adults

Giuliani¹,

Olavo²,

Machado³

et al. 2016

Medical Express

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BACKGROUND:Measurements of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure are used to assess the pressure developed by the respiratory muscles and the passive elastic recoil of the pulmonary system. Such measurements are also used as criteria for weaning from mechanical ventilation, to determine the functional consequences of several systemic diseases and the development of lung diseases and neuromuscular disorders. The test in an outpatient setting is easy to perform, well tolerated and has predictive value. OBJECTIVE: To verify the presence of a learning effect in measurements of maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures. METHODS:We performed 15 sequential measurements of Maximal Inspiratory Pressure and 15 of Maximal Expiratory Pressure in 71 individuals. Results for both series were compared throughout each series. RESULTS:The comparison between the first and the other measurements showed no statistically significant differences. (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There was no learning effect with 15 repeated measurements of Maximal Inspiratory or Expiratory Pressure in healthy adults.

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The Association Between Heroin Inhalation and Early Onset Emphysema

Cited by 34 publications

References 32 publications

Mortality from respiratory diseases associated with opium use: a population-based cohort study

Mortality from respiratory diseases associated with opium use: a population-based cohort study

Asthme et usage d’héroïne

Evaluation of the effect of learning on the full extent of inspiratory and expiratory pressure in healthy adults

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