The Association Between Glaucoma, Anxiety, and Depression in a Large Population

Mood and behavior seasonality in glaucoma; assessing correlations between seasonality and structure and function of the retinal ganglion cells

“…Seasonal variation in mood and behavior is increased in both seasonal and non-seasonal depression [42]. The present survey contains no assessment of non-seasonal depression although this condition is prevalent in glaucoma [11]. We cannot establish whether a lowering of mood and energy during the dark seasons is related to an insufficient central light input or to limitations in mobility and physical activity caused by poor lighting.…”

“…Several studies have linked glaucoma and disturbances in mood and sleep [8][9][10][11][12]20,[35][36][37][38][39]. Visual field defects are associated with lower sleep quality, increased daytime-sleepiness and higher levels of self-reported anxiety and depression and [8][9][10]35].…”

“…Glaucomatous retinal neurodegeneration has been associated with increased risk of both depression and sleep disturbances [8][9][10][11]. These associations may be attributable to a disrupted central light input as well as to the psychological burden of a chronic progressive disease and the threat of blindness.…”

“…Most of the evidence for attenuations in the NIF physiologic responses to light is based on studies in primary open angle glaucoma [12,14,15,17]. The majority of studies assessing sleep and mood alterations were however performed in heterogenous populations of patients with both primary and secondary glaucomatous disease [8,9,11,19,20]. There is a lack of knowledge of how NIF functions are affected in different subtypes of glaucoma.…”

Emotional-psychische Auffälligkeiten beim Glaukom

“…Glaukom als chronische Optikusneuropathie ist weltweit die zweithäufigste Ursache von Erblindungen. Diese chronische Erkrankung wirkt sich direkt auf die Lebensqualität der Patienten aus [2]. Eine verstärkte Häufigkeit von Angststörungen und Depressionen wurde in der Kohortenstudie erfasst: Es konnte festgestellt werden, dass eine Angststörung bei 17,1 % der Patienten mit Glaukom bestand gegenüber nur 2,1 % ohne Glaukom, und eine Depression lag bei 22 % der Patienten mit Glaukom gegenüber 2,3 % ohne Glaukom vor.…”