The association between coffee consumption and bladder cancer in the bladder cancer epidemiology and nutritional determinants (BLEND) international pooled study

Abstract

Background Inconsistent results for coffee consumption and bladder cancer (BC) risk have been shown in epidemiological studies. This research aims to increase the understanding of the association between coffee consumption and BC risk by bringing together worldwide case-control studies on this topic. Methods Data were collected from 13 case-control comprising of 5,911 cases and 16,172 controls. Pooled multivariate odds ratios (ORs), with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were obtained using multilevel logistic regression models. Furthermore, linear dose-response relationships were examined using fractional polynomial models. Results No association of BC risk was observed with coffee consumption among smokers. However, after adjustment for age, gender, and smoking, the risk was significantly increased for never smokers (ever vs. never coffee consumers: OR model2 1.30, 95% CI 1.06-1.59; heavy (> 4 cups/day) coffee consumers vs. never coffee consumers: OR model2 1.52, 95% CI 1.18-1.97, p trend = 0.23). In addition, dose-response analyses, in both the overall population and among never smokers, also showed a significant increased BC risk for coffee consumption of more than four cups per day. Among smokers, a significant increased BC risk was shown only after consumption of more than six cups per day. Conclusion This research suggests that positive associations between coffee consumption and BC among never smokers but not smokers.

Mutational Landscape and Environmental Effects in Bladder Cancer

“…A prospective study revealed that positive association between coffee and bladder cancer was attenuated after adjustment for smoking and other potential confounders [84]. In an international, pooled study, positive association was observed in different subgroups, only in never smokers [88] or only in male smokers [89]. These conflicting results suggest that the association between coffee and bladder cancer may be affected by gender and smoking status.…”

Enhanced Efficacy of PEGylated Liposomal Cisplatin: In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation

“…The bags were then immersed in 100 mL of PBS and stirred (200 rpm, room temperature). At different time points (0, 1,2,3,8,12,18,24,30,36,42, and 48 h), 1 mL of PBS was collected to determine Cispt concentration using AAS method and replaced with 1 mL of fresh PBS. Cumulative drug release percentage was calculated using the formula below:…”

“…Bladder cancer (BC) is the most common urinary tract malignancy and the 7th leading cause of death from cancer (2.8% of all cancer deaths), with nearly 430,000 cases and 165,000 deaths annually worldwide [1]. Most cases of BC (75%) occur in men [1]. BC is a poor prognosis cancer with an unsatisfactory 5-year survival rate, owing to the difficulty in diagnosis and easy metastasis [2].…”

Trajectory of smoking and early bladder cancer risk among Korean young adult men

“…Case-control study conducted by Yu et al reported the positive association between coffee consumption and bladder cancer among never smokers but not in current smokers [3]. Meta-analysis published by Dai et al reported that to date available evidence was insufficient to support an independent association between coffee consumption and bladder cancer risk [2].…”