The association between childbirth, breastfeeding, and uterine fibroids: an observational study

Carpini, Giovanni Delli; Morini, Stefano; Papiccio, Maria; Serri, Matteo; Damiani, Valentina; Grelloni, Camilla; Clemente, Nicolò; Ciavattini, Andrea

doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46513-0

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…The consequences of marriage between these individuals are the same as consanguineous marriage and put children born of such marriage at risk for certain disorders [ 10 , 12 ]. Moreover, breastfeeding has many benefits for the physical and emotional health of breastfeeding mothers [ 13 ], such as improving uterine involution, reducing bleeding, preventing anemia [ 14 , 15 ], reducing the risk of postpartum depression by regulating cortisol circadian rhythms [ 16 , 17 ], decreasing the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome, and protecting against breast cancer (BC) [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Breast Milk: MicroRNA Contents and Potential Epigenetic Effects

et al. 2022

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Infants who are exclusively breastfed in the first six months of age receive adequate nutrients, achieving optimal immune protection and growth. In addition to the known nutritional components of human breast milk (HBM), i.e., water, carbohydrates, fats and proteins, it is also a rich source of microRNAs, which impact epigenetic mechanisms. This comprehensive work presents an up-to-date overview of the immunomodulatory constituents of HBM, highlighting its content of circulating microRNAs. The epigenetic effects of HBM are discussed, especially those regulated by miRNAs. HBM contains more than 1400 microRNAs. The majority of these microRNAs originate from the lactating gland and are based on the remodeling of cells in the gland during breastfeeding. These miRNAs can affect epigenetic patterns by several mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA regulation, which could ultimately result in alterations in gene expressions. Therefore, the unique microRNA profile of HBM, including exosomal microRNAs, is implicated in the regulation of the genes responsible for a variety of immunological and physiological functions, such as FTO, INS, IGF1, NRF2, GLUT1 and FOXP3 genes. Hence, studying the HBM miRNA composition is important for improving the nutritional approaches for pregnancy and infant’s early life and preventing diseases that could occur in the future. Interestingly, the composition of miRNAs in HBM is affected by multiple factors, including diet, environmental and genetic factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Breast Milk: MicroRNA Contents and Potential Epigenetic Effects

et al. 2022

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“…In their study, Delli Carpini et al [14] observed a significant increase in myoma size in early pregnancy, as compared to the size prior to pregnancy, unchanged myoma size during the second half of the pregnancy, and a significant decrease in myoma size after delivery.…”

Section: Biological Behavior Of Myomas During Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Deli Karpini i saradnici [14] su u svom istraživanju uočili značajan porast veličine mioma u ranoj trudnoći u odnosu na veličinu pre trudnoće, nepromenjenu veličinu mioma tokom druge polovine trudnoće i značajno smanjenje veličine mioma nakon porođaja.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of the Development Of Perinatal Complicationsunclassified

Perinatal complications of pregnancies complicated by uterine fibroids

Sparić¹,

Tomašević²

2021

Srpski medicinski časopis Lekarske komore

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Fibroids (myomas) are the most common tumors of the female reproductive organs, consisting of smooth muscle cells, fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix. They develop from menarche to menopause. They are diagnosed in 10-20% women of reproductive age. Their size varies from barely visible nodules to large tumors. Change in the size of fibroids during pregnancy and after childbirth is the subject of numerous studies. Most studies indicate a significant increase in the size of fibroids during the first trimester, unchanged size during the second and the third trimester, and a decrease in their size after the delivery. The effect of fibroids on pregnancy depends on their number, location, and size. Myomas are associated with numerous perinatal complications: bleeding in pregnancy, miscarriages, pain due to red degeneration, preterm birth, placental abruption, placenta previa, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal malpresentation, prolonged labor, increased cesarean section rate, uterine atony, and postpartum hemorrhage. Treatment of fibroids in pregnancy includes bed rest and follow-up with symp-tomatic therapy in case of pain, as well as intensive monitoring of the fetus. Very rarely, myomectomy may be necessary during pregnancy. Myomectomy during cesarean section has been considered contraindicated for years. Recent research demonstrates that this procedure may not be associated with an increased risk of perioperative complications. Its advantages include performing two operations within one surgical procedure while avoiding the risks of repeated laparotomy and anesthesia. The most common postpartum complications of fibroids are bleeding and infection.

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“…However, due to the increased hormones during pregnancy, many pregnant women tend to experience large growth of their fibroids. Importantly, after giving birth, 70% of postpartum women experience shrinkage of their fibroids ( Laughlin et al, 2011 ; Guo and Segars, 2012 ; Delli Carpini et al, 2019 ). This shrinkage is hypothesized to be caused by uterine ischemia when the placenta is torn from the uterine wall, causing immense blood loss.…”

Section: Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uterine fibroids — Causes, impact, treatment, and lens to the African perspective

et al. 2023

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Leiomyomas, or uterine fibroids as they are commonly known, are mostly seen in women of reproductive age. However, they can go undetected in most women, and approximately 25% of women show clinical symptoms. Although fibroids are a global burden impacting 80% of premenopausal women, they are more prevalent among Black women than among women of other races. Based on clinical diagnosis, the estimated cumulative incidence of fibroids in women ≤50 years old is significantly higher for black (>80%) versus white women (∼70%). The cause of leiomyomas is not clearly known, but studies have shown evidence of factors that drive the development or exacerbation of the disease. Evidence has linked risk factors such as lifestyle, age, environment, family history of uterine fibroids, and vitamin D deficiencies to an increased risk of uterine fibroids, which impact women of African descent at higher rates. Treatments may be invasive, such as hysterectomy and myomectomy, or non-invasive, such as hormonal or non-hormonal therapies. These treatments are costly and tend to burden women who have the disease. Sub-Saharan Africa is known to have the largest population of black women, yet the majority of uterine fibroid studies do not include populations from the continent. Furthermore, the prevalence of the disease on the continent is not well determined. To effectively treat the disease, its drivers need to be understood, especially with regard to racial preferences. This paper aims to review the existing literature and build a case for conducting future research on African women.

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The association between childbirth, breastfeeding, and uterine fibroids: an observational study

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Breast Milk: MicroRNA Contents and Potential Epigenetic Effects

Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Breast Milk: MicroRNA Contents and Potential Epigenetic Effects

Perinatal complications of pregnancies complicated by uterine fibroids

Uterine fibroids — Causes, impact, treatment, and lens to the African perspective

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