The association between carotenoid intake, mental health, and sleep quality among university students

Boozari, Behnoosh; Moradi, Sajjad; Heydarpour, Fatemeh; Clark, Cain C. T.; Nezamoleslami, Shokufeh; Saneei, Parvane; Safavi, Seyed Morteza

doi:10.1007/s11325-021-02420-1

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The reasons are as follows: missing ending data ( n = 7), the result was not OR and 95% CI ( n = 16), and the full text was not available ( n = 5). Lastly, the systematic review and meta-analysis comprised 12 observational studies [ 1 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. The flowchart of the literature search including the exclusion criteria is shown in Figure 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the 12 studies analyzing the relationship between carotenoids and depressive symptoms, 1 study was performed in the United States [ 32 ], 4 studies were performed in China [ 35 , 37 , 39 , 42 ], 4 studies were performed in Iran [ 36 , 38 , 40 , 41 ], 1 study was performed in Korea [ 1 ], 1 study was performed in Italy [ 1 ], and 1 study was performed in Japan [ 34 ]. All studies were predominantly concentrated on adult populations, including one longitudinal cohort study [ 1 ], three case–control studies [ 33 , 36 , 41 ], and eight cross-sectional studies [ 32 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 42 ]. Five studies were conducted with women [ 33 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 40 ], and the remaining studies were gender-neutral [ 1 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 39 , 41 , 42 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies were predominantly concentrated on adult populations, including one longitudinal cohort study [ 1 ], three case–control studies [ 33 , 36 , 41 ], and eight cross-sectional studies [ 32 , 34 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 42 ]. Five studies were conducted with women [ 33 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 40 ], and the remaining studies were gender-neutral [ 1 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 39 , 41 , 42 ]. The publications reported at least one dietary intake of carotenoid level, providing information on the following carotenoids.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Japanese study found that carotenoids were related to depression in women and overweight elderly people, but not to men or underweight participants [ 34 ]. Conversely, a study on college students found that carotenoid intake was effective in reducing depression risk in men in a sex-stratified subgroup analysis, but not in women [ 41 ]. Table 1 and Table 2 list the detailed information and the main outcome parameters, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dietary Intake of Carotenoids and Risk of Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Xue

et al. 2022

Antioxidants

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Given the important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of depression, the potential role of dietary antioxidant supplementation in the prevention of depression has attracted considerable attention. Most studies suggest that dietary carotenoids may play a role in maintaining depressive symptoms due to their antioxidant activity, but some studies concluded the contrary. This study conducted a meta-analysis of observational studies to test the relationship between carotenoid supplements and depressive symptoms. After a comprehensive search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase Scopus, and Web of Science databases from their inception to 28 July 2022, 12 publications met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, of which 8 were cross-sectional studies, 3 were case–control studies, and 1 was a cohort study, involving a total of 33,466 participants. Pooled meta-analysis found that intake of total carotenoids (OR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.53, 0.71], p < 0.01), beta-carotene (OR = 0.61, 95% CI [0.52, 0.70], p < 0.01), alpha-carotene (OR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.60, 0.83], p < 0.01), lycopene (OR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.55, 0.90], p < 0.01), lutein, and/or corn xanthin (OR = 0.53, 95% CI [0.43, 0.66], p < 0.01) was significantly inversely associated with depressive symptoms, while beta-cryptoxanthin (OR = 1.07, 95% CI [0.52, 2.21], p = 0.86) had no significance. At the same time, this meta-analysis was free of publication bias and heterogeneity. Although further studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationship between carotenoids and depressive symptoms, and to further reveal the mechanism of their association, the results of our meta-analysis suggest that carotenoids are protective factors for depressive symptoms, and dietary intake may help in reducing the risk of depressive symptoms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Dietary Intake of Carotenoids and Risk of Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Xue

et al. 2022

Antioxidants

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“…The mechanism of vegetables and fruit influence on mental health is still unknown. However, these effects may be dependent on anti-inflammatory mechanisms and the specific nutrients they contain, like complex carbohydrates ( 38 ), fiber ( 39 ), vitamin B ( 40 ), and vitamin C ( 41 ) being associated with a stable glycemic index, and the presence of carotenoids ( 42 ) and polyphenols ( 43 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between food intake and mental health problems among preschoolers in China

Jin¹,

Liang²,

Miao³

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveOur knowledge of associations between specific types of food and mental health problems in preschool children, an important developmental period, remains scarce. Using a large sample size and a brief measure, we aimed to examine associations between food groups and mental health problems in preschoolers.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 19,548 preschoolers in nine counties in China using a two-stage cluster sampling method. Information on food frequencies, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep conditions was collected by a parent-reported questionnaire. Mental health status was assessed by a parent-reported Strength and Difficulty Questionnaire (SDQ). Height and weight were measured, and BMI was calculated. Relationships between specific types of food groups and mental health status were examined using multivariable regression modeling.ResultsOf the present study sample, 47.45% of children were girls. Boys had higher scores relating to total difficulties, conduct problems, hyperactivity, and peer problems than girls but lower scores in emotional symptoms and prosocial behavior. Children with more types of food categories tended to get lower SDQ total scores even after adjusting for confounding variables (p < 0.0001). The subscale scores of SDQ varied depending on the types and numbers of food consumed. Notably, boys' mental health problems were more likely to be associated with their consumed food type. Processed meat frequency intake among boys and girls was positively related to prosocial behavior (Girls: pickled food: p = 0.003, fried food: p < 0.0001, barbecued food: p = 0.006, smoked food: p = 0.005; Boys: pickled food: p = 0.3, fried food: p < 0.0001, barbecued food: p = 0.006, smoked food: p = 0.005) and negatively associated with the SDQ total and the other subscale scores (Girls: pickled food: p ≤ 0.02, fried food: p ≤ 0.005 except for emotions (p = 0.1), barbecued food: p ≤ 0.047, smoked food: p ≤ 0.04 (except for emotions (p = 0.06) and conduct behaviors (p = 0.2)); Boys: pickled food: p < 0.01 except for hyperactivity (p = 0.5), fried food: p ≤ 0.005 except for emotions (p = 0.1), barbecued food: p ≤ 0.007 except for hyperactivity (p = 0.8), smoked food: p ≤ 0.001 except for hyperactivity (p = 0.1) and peer problem (p = 0.08)). Adequate intake frequency of confectionery (2–4 times/week) was beneficial to their emotions, conduct, and total difficulties and was also beneficial for peer and prosocial behavior for boys (Girls: emotions: p = 0.02, conduct: p = 0.02, hyperactivity: p = 0.4, peer: p = 0.06, total difficulties: p = 0.01, prosocial behavior: p = 0.1; Boys: emotions: p = 0.009, conduct: p = 0.0009, hyperactivity: p = 0.7, peer: p = 0.02: total difficulties: p = 0.003, prosocial behavior: p = 0.0002).ConclusionDiverse food categories and adequate frequency of confectionery were found to be beneficial for children's mental health, with the exception of processed meat. These findings provide novel information and supportive data for children's dietary guidelines and the improvement of mental health.

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Association between circulating antioxidants and sleep disorders: comprehensive results from NHANES 2017–2018

Tang,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Food Funct.

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The association between carotenoid intake, mental health, and sleep quality among university students

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Dietary Intake of Carotenoids and Risk of Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dietary Intake of Carotenoids and Risk of Depressive Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Association between food intake and mental health problems among preschoolers in China

Association between circulating antioxidants and sleep disorders: comprehensive results from NHANES 2017–2018

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