The Association Between Cannabis Use and Schizophrenia: Causative or Curative? A Systematic Review

Patel, Shil; Khan, Sahar; Saipavankumar, M; Hamid, Pousettef

doi:10.7759/cureus.9309

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…In consequence, although promising according to their authors, the studies’ results cannot constitute a source of fundamental knowledge. Rather, they can indicate potential directions for further, in-depth, well-structured research [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Construct of Medical and Non-Medical Marijuana—Critical Review

Silczuk

Smułek

Kołodziej³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The rising popularity of medical marijuana and its potential therapeutic uses has resulted in passionate discussions that have mainly focused on its possible benefits and applications. Although the concept itself seems promising, the multitude of presented information has noticeable ramifications—terminological chaos being one. This work aimed to synthesize and critically analyze scientific evidence on the therapeutic uses of cannabinoids in the field of psychiatry. Emphasis was placed on the anxiolytic effects of cannabis constituents and their effects on post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia spectrum, and other psychotic disorders. The review was carried out from an addictological perspective. A database search of interchangeably combined keywords resulted in the identification of subject-related records. The data were then analyzed in terms of relevance, contents, methodologies, and cited papers. The results were clear in supporting one common conclusion: while most findings provide support for beneficial applications of medical marijuana in psychiatry, no certain conclusions can be drawn until larger-scaled, more methodologically rigorous, and (preferably) controlled randomized trials verify these discoveries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Construct of Medical and Non-Medical Marijuana—Critical Review

Silczuk

Smułek

Kołodziej³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…However unlike THC or cannabis extracts the second most abundant cannabis compound cannabidiol (CBD), does not exhibit psychotropic properties [65]. The association of cannabis with several mental disorders, particularly schizophrenia onset and progression, has been reported [66]. Interestingly, this association was also observed at the molecular level through proteomic analysis.…”

Section: Proteomic Studies On Cannabismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CBD was reported to have milder psychoactive properties and fewer side effects than THC and a growing number of studies have reported its beneficial effects in comparison to the adverse effects associated with THC [66,105]. Therefore, CBD appears to be a desirable agent for medical purposes, yet only a limited number of proteomic studies have been performed thus far.…”

Section: Proteomic Studies On Cannabidiolmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proteomic View of Cellular and Molecular Effects of Cannabis

Abyadeh¹,

Gupta

Paulo

et al. 2021

Biomolecules

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Cannabis (Cannabis sativa), popularly known as marijuana, is the most commonly used psychoactive substance and is considered illicit in most countries worldwide. However, a growing body of research has provided evidence of the therapeutic properties of chemical components of cannabis known as cannabinoids against several diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson’s disease, schizophrenia and glaucoma; these have prompted changes in medicinal cannabis legislation. The relaxation of legal restrictions and increased socio-cultural acceptance has led to its increase in both medicinal and recreational usage. Several biochemically active components of cannabis have a range of effects on the biological system. There is an urgent need for more research to better understand the molecular and biochemical effects of cannabis at a cellular level, to understand fully its implications as a pharmaceutical drug. Proteomics technology is an efficient tool to rigorously elucidate the mechanistic effects of cannabis on the human body in a cell and tissue-specific manner, drawing conclusions associated with its toxicity as well as therapeutic benefits, safety and efficacy profiles. This review provides a comprehensive overview of both in vitro and in vivo proteomic studies involving the cellular and molecular effects of cannabis and cannabis-derived compounds.

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“…We also know that patients with schizophrenia use cannabis as self-medication to relief depressive states, anxiety and social inhibition. It is the tetrahydrocannabinol part of cannabis that probably induce psychosis [ 13 , 14 ]. Most studies have explored the relationship between cannabis and depression and a review article from 2014 concluded that cannabis use is associated with a greater risk of developing depression [ 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between cannabis use and physical health problems in Norwegian adolescents: a cross-sectional study from the youth survey Ungdata

2022

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Background Cannabis use is increasing among young Norwegians and several studies show a high incidence of common physical health problems. An association has previously been found between cannabis use and mental health problems. Since physical and mental health problems often co-occur, the aim of this study is to explore the relationship between cannabis use and physical health problems. Methods In 2017–2019, the Norwegian youth survey Ungdata collected data from 249,100 Norwegian adolescents, which equalled around 80% of all lower secondary school pupils (13–15 years) and about 50% of upper secondary pupils (16–19 years) in Norway. Descriptive analysis was used to calculate the prevalence of cannabis use and bi- and multivariate logistic regression analysis to examine the association between cannabis use and physical health problems, controlled for sociodemographics and mental health problems. Results Almost 10% of Norwegian adolescents had used cannabis once or more in the previous 12 months. The use of cannabis increased with age and it was more prevalent among boys. There is a clear connection between physical health problems and cannabis use (OR = 1.582 (CI: 1.527–1.638)) even after adjusting for sociodemographic variables and mental health problems (OR = 1.366 (CI: 1.312–1.423)). Conclusion More studies are needed to explore if there might a bidirectional relationship between cannabis use and physical health problems where physical problems increase cannabis use and cannabis use increases the risk of physical health problems. More knowledge on the effect of and motivation for cannabis use are important for policy makers and health care professionals involved in young people.

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The Association Between Cannabis Use and Schizophrenia: Causative or Curative? A Systematic Review

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

The Construct of Medical and Non-Medical Marijuana—Critical Review

The Construct of Medical and Non-Medical Marijuana—Critical Review

A Proteomic View of Cellular and Molecular Effects of Cannabis

Association between cannabis use and physical health problems in Norwegian adolescents: a cross-sectional study from the youth survey Ungdata

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