The association between caffeine intake and risk of kidney stones: A population-based study

Abstract

BackgroundAlthough many studies have proven the beneficial effects of caffeine on human health, the association between caffeine intake and the risk of kidney stones is limited in large epidemiologic studies.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the association between caffeine intake and the risk of kidney stones.MethodsA total of 30,716 participants (with weight numbers of 204, 189, and 886) with a history of kidney stone were included in this analysis. All data were survey-weighted, and corresponding logistic regression models were performed to examine the associations between caffeine intake and the risk of kidney stones.ResultsIn a fully adjusted model, a per-quartile increase in caffeine intake was associated with a 5.32% decreased risk of kidney stones. In the subgroup analysis, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) of the risk of kidney stones for per-quartile increments in caffeine intake were 0.9650 (0.9643, 0.9656) for men, 0.9320 (0.9313, 0.9327) for women, 0.9384 (0.9378, 0.9389) for white race individuals, 1.0281 (1.0270, 1.0292) for nonwhite race individuals, 0.9460 (0.9455, 0.9465) for overweight/obese individuals, and 0.9314 (0.9303, 0.9324) for non-overweight individuals, 0.9100 (0.9094, 0.9105) for caffeine from coffee, and 1.0021 (1.0013, 1.0029) for caffeine from non-coffee sources.ConclusionCaffeine intake was negatively associated with the risk of kidney stones. In subgroup analyses, the negative association of caffeine with kidney stone risk was only found in white individuals. In addition, the decreased risk was found higher in women and non-overweight individuals. Especially for women, white individuals and non-overweight individuals. The protective effect of caffeine intake from coffee on stone formation was more significant than that of caffeine from non-coffee sources.

Association of proton pump inhibitor use with risk of kidney stones: an analysis of cross-sectional data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007–2018)

“…Additionally, a 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to balance population differences between PPI users and non-users while adjusting for all confounding variables. Previous studies have established links between kidney stones and dietary factors, such as vitamin C intake, caffeine consumption and the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) 18–20. To address potential confounding effects, a sensitivity analysis was conducted using model 3 as the baseline, with additional adjustments made for three variables: vitamin C intake, caffeine intake and DII.…”

Coffee and caffeine intake and depression in postpartum women: A cross-sectional study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2018

“…according to formula obtained from various sources, including the manufacturer or retailer, Internet or company catalogs. Hence, this method is widely recognized as an effective strategy for evaluating the coffee intake in population (Chen et al, 2022;Geng et al, 2022;Zheng et al, 2022). Caffeine intake was calculated based on the overall quantity of caffeinated meals and beverages consumed.…”