The Association Between Atrophy and the Prognosis of Anti-N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis

Early progression of brain atrophy in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis

“…However, other authors have taken a somewhat negative view of this speculation on the basis of in vitro and in vivo experiments with NMDAR antibodies. [10] In our patients, brain atrophy predominantly involved the frontotemporal regions, as reported previously. [4] This area includes a high density of NMDA receptor, and the binding epitope of the antibody is a part of the NR1-subunit of the NMDAR on postsynaptic dendrites in the forebrain and hippocampus.…”

“…[9] Hypoxia due to systemic conditions or prolonged ventilatory support might also contribute to the development of brain atrophy. [10] DCA in our 2 women might have been associated with these multifactorial risks. In our male patient, DCA progressed within 14 days, and during this short period, he did not receive prolonged treatment with corticosteroids, various antiepileptic agents, or propofol, and he was free of seizures and ventilatory support.…”