The association between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 polymorphisms and essential hypertension risk: A meta-analysis involving 14,122 patients

Yang, Mei; Zhao, Jing; Lin, Xing; Shi, Li

doi:10.1177/1470320314549221

Cited by 58 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…ACE2, coded on Xp22 at the location where genes are known to escape X-inactivation, which may contribute to the phenotypic differences between sexes and the tissue-specific differences in Xinactivation [20]. An intronic variant of ACE2 (rs2285666, also known as G8790A) has been associated with hypertension [21]. Wu YH et al reported that the serum ACE2 level in individuals with AA genotype was 1.5-fold higher [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Comparison of Changes in the Number of Test-Positive Cases and Deaths by Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) in the World

Hisaka¹,

Yoshioka²,

Hatakeyama³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Global differences in changes in the numbers of population-adjusted daily test-positive cases (NPDP) and deaths (NPDD) by COVID-19 were analyzed for 49 countries. The changes per population of a hundred million were compared, adjusting by the beginning of test-positive cases increase (BPI) or deaths increase (BDI). Notable regional differences of more than 100 times in NPDP and NPDD were observed. The trajectories of NPDD after BDI increased exponentially within 20 days in most countries. A machine learning analysis suggested that NPDD on 30 days after BDI was the highest in Western countries (1180), followed by the Middle East (128), Latin America (97), and then Asia (7), and furthermore that, NPDD in Western countries with a positive rate of the PCR test of less than 7.0% attenuated to only 15%. The cause behind differences between regions might be complex, however, investigation of the host genetic factors would be warranted. The lower positive rate would be caused by aggressive testing policy and associated with longer lag times between BPI and BDI. Our analysis suggested that the positive rate need to be 7% or less by extensive tests to reduce deaths effectively. As the number of infected people is growing rapidly, earlier expansion of the test capacity is indispensable.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Comparison of Changes in the Number of Test-Positive Cases and Deaths by Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) in the World

Hisaka¹,

Yoshioka²,

Hatakeyama³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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show abstract

“…In fact, this gender-specific contribution may reflect the impact of some genes on sex chromosomes, such as apelin and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in X chromosome [24]. Several lines of evidence have suggested a heterogeneous contribution of these X-linked genes to the pathogenesis of hypertension [15, 25–27]. In spite of the null association of apelin gene with hypertension in this study, we observed that SBP differed significantly between two homozygous genotypes of rs3761581 in apelin gene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A promoter polymorphism in APJ gene is significantly associated with blood pressure changes and hypertension risk in Chinese women

Sun

Zhao

et al. 2016

Oncotarget

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The aim of this study was to interrogate the gender-specific association of 5 well-defined polymorphisms in apelin/APJ system with both blood pressure changes and hypertension risk in a northeastern Chinese population. This is a population-based case-control study, including 650 hypertensive patients and 645 normotensive controls. Data were analyzed by STATA and Haplo.Stats. The genotype distributions of 5 study polymorphisms were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in both genders. The rs7119375 and rs10501367 were completely linked. The genotypes (P = 0.001) and alleles (P < 0.001) of rs7119375 differed significantly between patients and controls in women. Carriers of rs7119375-AA genotype had significant higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) than carriers of rs7119375-GG genotype in both patients and controls of female gender (P < 0.01). Moreover, carriers of rs7119375-A allele were 1.80 times more likely to develop hypertension relative to carriers of rs7119375-GG genotype after adjusting for age, body mass index and glucose (odds ratio: 1.80; 95% confidence interval: 1.03–3.16; P = 0.040). Further allele combination analysis supported the leading contribution of rs7119375 to hypertension risk. Our findings demonstrated that the mutation of promoter polymorphism rs7119375 in APJ gene was significantly associated with elevated SBP and increased hypertension risk in Chinese women.

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“…Moreover, it also improved left ventricular remodeling and function in a rat model with diabetic cardiomyopathy [Dong et al 2012]. Furthermore, SNPs in the ACE2 gene are also associated with LVH, impaired cardiac function and HT Wang et al 2013;Yang et al 2014]. Because of these and other findings, ACE2 gene is considered a functional candidate for CVD [Burrell et al 2013].…”

Section: Ace2 In Cardiac Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACE2 and vasoactive peptides: novel players in cardiovascular/renal remodeling and hypertension

Mendoza-Torres

Oyarzún

Mondaca‐Ruff

et al. 2015

Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease

133

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The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a key component of cardiovascular physiology and homeostasis due to its influence on the regulation of electrolyte balance, blood pressure, vascular tone and cardiovascular remodeling. Deregulation of this system contributes significantly to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and renal diseases. Numerous studies have generated new perspectives about a noncanonical and protective RAS pathway that counteracts the proliferative and hypertensive effects of the classical angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin (Ang) II/angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) axis. The key components of this pathway are ACE2 and its products, Ang-(1-7) and Ang-(1-9). These two vasoactive peptides act through the Mas receptor (MasR) and AT2R, respectively. The ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/MasR and ACE2/Ang-(1-9)/AT2R axes have opposite effects to those of the ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis, such as decreased proliferation and cardiovascular remodeling, increased production of nitric oxide and vasodilation. A novel peptide from the noncanonical pathway, alamandine, was recently identified in rats, mice and humans. This heptapeptide is generated by catalytic action of ACE2 on Ang A or through a decarboxylation reaction on Ang-(1-7). Alamandine produces the same effects as Ang-(1-7), such as vasodilation and prevention of fibrosis, by interacting with Mas-related GPCR, member D (MrgD). In this article, we review the key roles of ACE2 and the vasoactive peptides Ang-(1-7), Ang-(1-9) and alamandine as counter-regulators of the ACE-Ang II axis as well as the biological properties that allow them to regulate blood pressure and cardiovascular and renal remodeling.

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The association between angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 polymorphisms and essential hypertension risk: A meta-analysis involving 14,122 patients

Cited by 58 publications

References 18 publications

Global Comparison of Changes in the Number of Test-Positive Cases and Deaths by Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) in the World

Global Comparison of Changes in the Number of Test-Positive Cases and Deaths by Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) in the World

A promoter polymorphism in APJ gene is significantly associated with blood pressure changes and hypertension risk in Chinese women

ACE2 and vasoactive peptides: novel players in cardiovascular/renal remodeling and hypertension

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