The association between a conditional cash transfer programme and malaria incidence: a longitudinal ecological study in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2015

Alves, Layana Costa; Sanchez, Mauro Niskier; Hone, Thomas; Pinto, Luiz Felipe; Nery, Joilda Silva; Tauil, Pedro Luíz; Barreto, Maurício Lima; Penna, Gerson Oliveira

doi:10.1186/s12889-021-11255-0

Cited by 8 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Larger BFP coverage seems to increase the access to early diagnosis of oral cancer and health care, given the essential conditions that have to be fulfilled for BFP cash transfer. This result shows that high and sustained coverage of conditional cash transfers can have long-term effects on OCMR in vulnerable populations, potentially contributing to the reduction of health inequalities, similar to what has already been demonstrated for maternal ( 20 ) and infant mortality ( 24 ), among other long-term beneficial effects of BFP ( 13 , 21 , 29 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Bolsa Família Program and deaths from oral cancer in Brazil: an ecological study

Costa

Rocha²,

Rocha

et al. 2022

Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública

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Objective. To assess the effect of coverage of the Bolsa Família Program (BFP) on oral cancer mortality rates in Brazil between 2005 and 2017, adjusting for health care coverage and socioeconomic characteristics of the Brazilian federative units. Methods. This is an ecological study using annual data (2005–2017) from all the Brazilian federative units. The dependent variable for this study was the oral cancer mortality rate, standardized by gender and age using the direct standardization technique. BFP coverage was the main independent variable, calculated as the ratio of the number of BFP beneficiaries to those families that should potentially be entitled to this conditional cash transfer. Socioeconomic background and health care coverage were covariables. Choropleth maps were drawn, and space-time cube analysis was used to assess changes in the spatiotemporal distribution of BFP and oral cancer mortality rates. Mixed-effects linear regression analysis estimated the coefficients (β) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between BFP coverage and oral cancer mortality rates. Results. BFP coverage trends increased and oral cancer mortality rate trends stabilized in Brazilian federative units, except for Maranhão, Goiás, and Minas Gerais, where the oral cancer mortality rates have increased. In the adjusted model, greater BFP coverage was associated with lower oral cancer mortality rates (β –2.10; 95% CI [–3.291, –0.919]). Conclusions. Egalitarian strategies such as BFP can reduce the oral cancer mortality rate. We recommend the follow-up of families benefiting from conditional cash transfer program by oral health teams to reduce the oral cancer mortality rate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Bolsa Família Program and deaths from oral cancer in Brazil: an ecological study

Costa

Rocha²,

Rocha

et al. 2022

Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública

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“…In São Raimundo (204) and Pista da Liberdade (116), a very high density of cases was observed, especially close to IL and CU. This indicator was moderate in Lindoeste (24) and Sede Municipal (45), and low in Solar das Águas (5), São Francisco (3), Campo Verde (3), Nereu (4), and Farinha (3), as shown in Figure 2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The higher occurrence of the disease among brown-skinned people in the municipality may be related to the historical formation of the Amazon, where approximately 73% of the population self-declared as belonging to that ethnic classification as a result of the intense process of intermingling between indigenous peoples with Europeans and Africans going back to the beginning of colonization 20 - 22 . The low level of schooling observed is also a factor associated with malaria occurrence, since it is related to poverty and the socioeconomically precarious condition of populations living in localities with a high density of cases 23 , 24 . This implies limitations in terms of access to and appropriate knowledge of the disease, which might otherwise be obtained in a school environment and health programs, that is, information on its forms of transmission, diagnosis, and treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria and environmental, socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: An ecological and cross-sectional study

Gonçalves

Souza

Araújo

et al. 2023

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Background: Malaria is a parasitosis conditioned by several factors. This study sought to analyze the spatial distribution of malaria considering environmental, socioeconomic, and political variables in São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Brazil, from 2014 to 2020. Methods: Epidemiological, cartographic, and environmental data were obtained from the Ministry of Health, Brazilian Geographical and Statistical Institute, and National Space Research Institute. Statistical and spatial distribution analyses were performed using chi-squared tests of expected equal proportions and the kernel and bivariate global Moran’s techniques with Bioestat 5.0 and ArcGIS 10.5.1. Results: The highest percentage of cases occurred in adult males with brown skin color, mainly placer miners, with a primary education level, living in rural areas, who were infected with Plasmodium vivax and with parasitemia of two or three crosses as diagnosed by the thick drop/smear test. The disease had a non-homogeneous distribution, with distinct annual parasite indices associated with administrative districts and clusters of cases in locations with deforestation, mining, and pastures close to Conservation Units and Indigenous Lands. Thus, a direct relationship between areas with cases and environmental degradation associated with land use was demonstrated, along with the precarious availability of health services. Pressure on protected areas and epidemiological silence in Indigenous Lands were also noted. Conclusions: Environmental and socioeconomic circuits were identified for development of diseases associated with precarious health services in the municipality. These findings highlight the need to intensify malaria surveillance and contribute to the systematic knowledge of malaria’s epidemiology by considering the complexity of its conditioning factors.

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“…The deterministic linkage was based on two unique exact identifiers: the municipal code (composed of 6 numbers) from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the year of the observations. Such deterministic linkage does not allow any false match and is not prone to typical errors of probabilistic linkage; for these reasons it is a consolidated method used in studies that integrates information from different data sources in Brazil [ 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria-VisAnalytics: a tool for visual exploratory analysis of Brazilian public malaria data

Sironi

Bertoldo

Sampaio

et al. 2022

Malar J

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Background Data integration and visualisation techniques have been widely used in scientific research to allow the exploitation of large volumes of data and support highly complex or long-lasting research questions. Integration allows data from different sources to be aggregated into a single database comprising variables of interest for different types of studies. Visualisation allows large and complex data sets to be manipulated and interpreted in a more intuitive way. Methods Integration and visualisation techniques were applied in a malaria surveillance ecosystem to build an integrated database comprising notifications, deaths, vector control and climate data. This database is accessed through Malaria-VisAnalytics, a visual mining platform for descriptive and predictive analysis supporting decision and policy-making by governmental and health agents. Results Experimental and validation results have proved that the visual exploration and interaction mechanisms allow effective surveillance for rapid action in suspected outbreaks, as well as support a set of different research questions over integrated malaria electronic health records. Conclusion The integrated database and the visual mining platform (Malaria-VisAnalytics) allow different types of users to explore malaria-related data in a user-friendly interface. Summary data and key insights can be obtained through different techniques and dimensions. The case study on Manaus can serve as a reference for future replication in other municipalities. Finally, both the database and the visual mining platform can be extended with new data sources and functionalities to accommodate more complex scenarios (such as real-time data capture and analysis).

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The association between a conditional cash transfer programme and malaria incidence: a longitudinal ecological study in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2015

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Bolsa Família Program and deaths from oral cancer in Brazil: an ecological study

Bolsa Família Program and deaths from oral cancer in Brazil: an ecological study

Malaria and environmental, socioeconomics and public health conditions in the municipality of São Félix do Xingu, Pará, Eastern Amazon, Brazil: An ecological and cross-sectional study

Malaria-VisAnalytics: a tool for visual exploratory analysis of Brazilian public malaria data

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