The association among 14-3-3η protein, inflammation, bone remodeling and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the correlation among 14-3-3η protein, inflammation, bone remodeling and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
 Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the RA patients treated in our hospital were analyzed between January 2015 and November 2019. Bone mineral density was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, and at the beginning of the study, serum samples were collected and the level of 14-3-3η, TNF-α, and IL-6 was tested using the quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and I-CTX and PINP were measured using automatic electrochemical luminescence immune-analyzer for all the participants.
 Results: In the current study, 285 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were enrolled and assigned into normal, osteopenia, and osteoporotic group respectively. The level of 14-3-3η and IL-6 presented with the highest value in the osteoporosis group, but the lowest value in the normal group, and there were significant differences in the level of 14-3-3η and IL-6 among the groups (p<0.05), and there was positive correlation between 14-3-3η and IL-6 (p<0.05). There were significant differences in PINP and I-CTX among the three groups (p<0.05), and a significantly positive correlation between I-CTX and 14-3-3η (p<0.05) and a significantly negative correlation between PINP and 14-3-3η (p<0.05) were found.
 Conclusion: There was a significant correlation among 14-3-3η protein, inflammation, bone remodeling and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, the influence of 14-3-3η on osteoporosis may be contributed to its adjusting inflammation and bone remodeling.
 doi: https://doi.org/-10.12669/pjms.36.5.2403
 How to cite this:Sun Y, Hong L, Gao C. The association among 14-3-3η protein, inflammation, bone remodeling and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(5):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.5.2403
 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of rheumatoid arthritis-a systematic review

“…46 14-3-3η predicts disease activity of RA and its duration, and when combined with other biomarkers such as anti-CCP and RF, its diagnostic ability improves. [25][26][27] This has also been consistent with previous studies. 47 14-3-3η is a predictor of bone remodelling and RA related osteoporosis.…”

“…The level of 14-3-3η was highest in the osteoporosis group compared to the normal group (p<0.05). 25 Similarly, another study showed that 14-3-3η positively correlated with inflammation and disease risk as reported by Tu J et al 26 14-3-3η was significantly increased in RA patients, and ROC analysis indicated that it served as a potential predictive marker for RA risk. 26 14-3-3η distinguished patients with established RA (disease duration >2 years) compared to early RA patients ([?…”

“…47 14-3-3η is a predictor of bone remodelling and RA related osteoporosis. 25 However, this study was limited by the fact that it excluded patients on osteoporosis promoting drugs such as steroids. It may be biased by the selection of patients who fit this criterion and may not reflect on the real-life general population of RA patients.…”

14-3-3η protein is associated with disease activity and osteoporosis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

“…In the present study, a significant difference in the serum levels of 14-3-3η and IL _ 6 among RA-control, RA-osteopenia, and RA-osteoporosis groups was found being lowest in the RA-control group and highest in the RA-osteoporosis group. These findings were in agreement with the findings of a previous studies [22,28], and showed an inverse correlation with lumbar and femoral BMD among RA patients [22]. Zeng et al [29] found that serum 14-3-3η protein was significantly higher among RA cases than controls and the regression analysis identified 14-3-3η as an independent risk factor for RA-related osteoporosis.…”

New laboratory biomarkers of rheumatoid arthritis

“…В опытах in vitro было показано, что стимуляция моноцитов 14-3-3η сопровождалась индукцией синтеза ИЛ-1β, ИЛ-6, ММП-9 и RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand) [67]. Отмечена отрицательная корреляция между увеличением концентрации 14-3-3η и показателями минеральной плотности костей (МПК) по данным рентгеновской денситометрии, независимо от уровня СРБ, IgM РФ и АЦЦП [68][69][70]. Установлено, что увеличение концентрации 14-3-3η у пациентов с РА может быть предиктором хорошего «ответа» на терапию ингибитором ИЛ-6 (тоцилизумаб) и ингибиторами ФНО-α [66,71].…”