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Introduction: the study of the state of legal order in various branches and institutions of Russian law is both a theoretical and an applied issue. Finding a solution to this issue affects the efficiency of organizing legal regulation of civic relations. The categories of legal policy and legal order are of key importance in this regard. They are not only mutually dependent, but also necessary for understanding the ways to improve the efficiency of civic oversight of the penitentiary system. Methods: we use dogmatic and legal analysis of scientific theoretical and legal concepts and formal and legal analysis of the current legislation. Results: legal order stems from the implementation of legal policy of the state in the system of legal norms, procedures for their implementation and results of their fulfillment. The use of philosophical categories such as “form” and “content” allows us to identify characteristic features of legal policy as a scientific concept. We prove that it is advisable to distinguish legal policy forms depending on the stages of regulation rather than on the types of legal activity. The stage of rational law-forming process corresponds to the “non-normative” form of legal policy, which consists in the adoption of various concepts and strategies for development; law-making as a stage at which the rule of law is established launches the mechanism for its general application and is accompanied by the “normative” form; the implementation of norms is seen as a final stage of regulation, which is characterized by the presence of casual legal policy. The content of legal policy constitutes a unity of goals, means and principles of activity. Discussion: we focus mainly on analyzing the content of normative legal policy in the sphere of civic oversight of the activities of Russia’s penal system. Content-related specifics of this form of legal policy are determined by the features of the subject and method of regulation and are viewed as principles that are not directly enacted in the legislation, but follow from its “spirit” and meaning. These principles allow us to form an objective view of the content of legal order. Key words: legal policy; legal order; civic oversight; penal system of the Russian Federation; non-governmental monitoring commissions.
Introduction: the study of the state of legal order in various branches and institutions of Russian law is both a theoretical and an applied issue. Finding a solution to this issue affects the efficiency of organizing legal regulation of civic relations. The categories of legal policy and legal order are of key importance in this regard. They are not only mutually dependent, but also necessary for understanding the ways to improve the efficiency of civic oversight of the penitentiary system. Methods: we use dogmatic and legal analysis of scientific theoretical and legal concepts and formal and legal analysis of the current legislation. Results: legal order stems from the implementation of legal policy of the state in the system of legal norms, procedures for their implementation and results of their fulfillment. The use of philosophical categories such as “form” and “content” allows us to identify characteristic features of legal policy as a scientific concept. We prove that it is advisable to distinguish legal policy forms depending on the stages of regulation rather than on the types of legal activity. The stage of rational law-forming process corresponds to the “non-normative” form of legal policy, which consists in the adoption of various concepts and strategies for development; law-making as a stage at which the rule of law is established launches the mechanism for its general application and is accompanied by the “normative” form; the implementation of norms is seen as a final stage of regulation, which is characterized by the presence of casual legal policy. The content of legal policy constitutes a unity of goals, means and principles of activity. Discussion: we focus mainly on analyzing the content of normative legal policy in the sphere of civic oversight of the activities of Russia’s penal system. Content-related specifics of this form of legal policy are determined by the features of the subject and method of regulation and are viewed as principles that are not directly enacted in the legislation, but follow from its “spirit” and meaning. These principles allow us to form an objective view of the content of legal order. Key words: legal policy; legal order; civic oversight; penal system of the Russian Federation; non-governmental monitoring commissions.
Введение: изучение состояния правового порядка в различных отраслях и институтах российского права является не только теоретической, но и прикладной проблемой. Ее решение затрагивает эффективность организации правового регулирования общественных отношений. Ключевое значение имеют категории правовой политики и правопорядка. Они не только взаимообусловливают друг друга, но и необходимы для понимания направлений повышения эффективности функционирования общественного контроля над пенитенциарной системой. Методы: в работе используются догматико-правовой анализ научных теоретико-правовых категорий и формально-юридический анализ действующего законодательства. Результаты: правовой порядок является результатом воплощения правовой политики государства в системе юридических норм, процедурах их реализации и результатах действия. Использование философских категорий «форма» и «содержание» позволило выявить характерные черты правовой политики как научного понятия. В работе аргументируется положение о том, что формы правовой политики целесообразно разграничивать не по виду юридической деятельности, а в зависимости от этапов регулирования. Этапу рационального правообразования соответствует ненормативная форма правовой политики, суть которой состоит в принятии различного рода концепций и стратегий развития; правотворчество как этап создания нормы права запускает механизм ее общего действия и сопровождается нормативной формой; реализация норм рассматривается как завершающий этап регулирования, который характеризуется наличием казуальной правовой политики. Содержание правовой политики образует единство целей, средств и принципов деятельности. Обсуждение: основное внимание уделяется анализу содержания нормативной правовой политики в сфере общественного контроля над деятельностью уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации. Содержательные особенности этой формы правовой политики обусловлены спецификой предмета и метода регулирования и выступают в качестве принципов, непосредственно не закрепленных в законодательстве, но вытекающих из его духа и смысла. Эти принципы позволяют составить объективное представление о содержании правопорядка. Ключевые слова: правовая политика; правопорядок; общественный контроль; уголовно-исполнительная система Российской Федерации; общественные наблюдательные комиссии.
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