The art of deciding with data: evidence from how employers translate credit reports into hiring decisions

Kiviat, Barbara

doi:10.1093/ser/mwx030

Cited by 40 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Others try to identify traits that will lead to success and then train hiring managers to look for those traits (Albrecht and van 2006;Frijters 1999;Moy 2006;Schumacher, Grigsby, and Vesey 2015). Still others are using data-driven methods, such as job testing technologies (Hoffman, Kahn, and Li 2017) and even credit scores (Kiviat 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data‐driven Drafting: Applying Econometrics to Employ Quarterbacks

Rosen

Olbrecht

2019

Contemporary Economic Policy

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We show that firms can employ data‐driven methods to improve their hiring decisions. Specifically, we use data available to National Football League (NFL) teams prior to the NFL draft to estimate econometric models that predict the future performance of drafted quarterbacks. As our methods are replicable, stakeholders can use them to improve the draft's efficiency and help it accomplish its mission to promote competitive balance. Furthermore, data‐driven methods such as ours can help firms avoid biases against employee characteristics that do not affect future job performance. (JEL L83)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Data‐driven Drafting: Applying Econometrics to Employ Quarterbacks

Rosen

Olbrecht

2019

Contemporary Economic Policy

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“…Access to consumer credit in the United States depends on a person's individual FICO score and on credit information supplied by three major rating agencies (TransUnion, Experian, and Equifax). Now, however, such scores are used by employers, landlords, insurance companies, and others (Kiviat 2019;O'Brien and Kiviat 2018;Rona-Tas 2017), and they are being incorporated into various "big data" strategies (Hurley and Adebayo 2016). The legal status of credit score information was contested during the nineteenth-century, then settled, and following the Global Financial Crisis of 2008 has become an issue again (Gaillard and Waibel 2018).…”

Section: Finance and Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Law, governance, and finance: introduction to the Theory and Society special issue

Carruthers

2020

Theor Soc

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After decades of deregulation and innovation, contemporary financial markets remain firmly anchored in law and legal institutions. The idea that private financial actors simply want to escape government oversight and regulation is simplistic as private interests find the coercive powers of the state too useful to forgo. Instead, such actors engage law selectively to create a more certain environment for themselves and their profit-seeking activities. Contract law adds certainty to financial transactions; law shapes how financial actors use information and exploit information technology; law constitutes financial values; and law allows financial institutions to be turned into assets. Law's application is shaped by changing conceptions of risk, as well as by new business models for financial institutions.

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“…In addition, some sociological research documents how individuals use encoded information or react to surveillance. Kiviat (forthcoming), for example, shows how hiring managers construct morally infused narratives to make sense of job seekers' credit reports. Levy () shows how trucking companies subject drivers to new monitoring technologies, performance metrics, and public scorecards, generating resentment and sometimes resistance among drivers accustomed to professional autonomy.…”

Section: Organizational Power At a Distancementioning

confidence: 99%

Power at a distance: Organizational power across boundaries

2019

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Organizational approaches can help to make sense of social phenomena, including inequality, politics, and culture. This is partly because large organizations exercise great power, both over employees and in their external environments. Revising Charles Perrow's classic account of the “society of organizations” in the 20th century, we argue that the organizational landscape has changed. There has been a dis‐embedding of individuals from organizations that contrasts with Perrow's idea of individuals being “absorbed” by organizations. Despite this hollowing out, there is a persistence of concentrated economic power or “concentration without centralization.” Organizational power in this landscape is increasingly exercised at a distance, not only geographically but also in the sense of moving across organizational boundaries and through technologies of valuation. Three bodies of research exemplify different types of power at a distance. (a) Research on global production networks shows how power travels across geographic and network distances. (b) Research on financialization and its consequences shows how power is mediated by frames and metrics. (c) Emerging research on big data and Artificial Intelligence shows how power is encoded into seemingly neutral technologies and made to seem inevitable. This work helps to update the sociology of organizations and opens up new research questions.

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The art of deciding with data: evidence from how employers translate credit reports into hiring decisions

Cited by 40 publications

References 53 publications

Data‐driven Drafting: Applying Econometrics to Employ Quarterbacks

Data‐driven Drafting: Applying Econometrics to Employ Quarterbacks

Law, governance, and finance: introduction to the Theory and Society special issue

Power at a distance: Organizational power across boundaries

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