The Arizona Airglow Experiment as flown on four space-shuttle missions

Knecht, David J.; Murad, Edmond; Viereck, R. A.; Pike, C. P.; Broadfoot, A. L.; Anderson, E.; Hatfield, D. B.; Stone, Tom; Sandel, B. R.

doi:10.1016/s0273-1177(97)00155-5

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The TV camera was used periodically to survey the spatial field in the viewing direction. The GLO experimental capabilities and operation have been described previously Knecht et al, 1997;Broadfoot, 1997;Broadfoot et al, 1997]. The GLO instrument was optimized to use the shuttle as an observational platform.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the gap between ground‐based and space‐based observations of the night airglow

Broadfoot¹,

Bellaire²

1999

J. Geophys. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Data sets from most satellite experiments focus on global dynamics by integrating daily conditions over long periods, rather than local dynamics over short timescales. Reports from the ground-based 1993 airborne lidar and observations of the Hawaiian airglow/airborne noctilucent cloud campaigns (ALOHA/ANLC-93), with their high temporal and spatial resolution, have described the dynamic nature of the night airglow, or nightglow. Recognizing this dynamic activity, we note that space-based observations currently made from satellites will only poorly complement ground-based observations. Space-based observations that can be correlated to observations over a ground-based site are possible for only a few minutes per day. Ground-based observations can be complemented by space-based observations only by experiments operating in snapshot mode and using a high-performance instrumentation during the limited flight time over a ground station. The only space platform currently capable of supporting such experimentation is the space shuttle, or Space Transportation System (STS). In the future, appropriate payloads should be planned and deployed on the International Space Station to take advantage of its similar capabilities. The night airglow layer at the Earth's limb was monitored by the Arizona Airglow Experiment (GLO) from the space shuttle Endeavour throughout its 12-day STS 69 mission in September 1995. When the nightglow was observed from above, the 02 atmospheric band system was conspicuous. Patches of enhanced emission 2500-5000 km in lateral extent were observed. Intensity changes by a factor of 4 were common. Similar activity has been reported in data from the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite (UARS) remote sensing experiments high-resolution Doppler imager (HRDI) and wind imaging inferometer (WINDII). The 02(0,0) band emission cannot be observed from the ground because the intervening 02 atmosphere overhead is optically thick to this emission. However, the 02(0,0) band emission is the brightest in the nightglow spectrum observed from orbit. It is 22 times brighter than the 02(0,1) band, which is monitored regularly by ground-based observers. Thus the intense signature of the 02(0,0) band can be used as an indicator of dynamic activity in the nightglow emission layer.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bridging the gap between ground‐based and space‐based observations of the night airglow

Broadfoot¹,

Bellaire²

1999

J. Geophys. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Various details of the instrument and its data product have been published recently [Broadfoot, 1997;Knecht et al, 1997;Broadfoot et al, 1997]. Briefly, the Arizona Airglow Experiment (GLO) is a ganged coaligned set of spectrographs with intensified-charge coupled device focal planes, which covers 115-900 nm in wavelength with good spectral resolution and photoncounting sensitivity .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The N₂ + O⁺ charge‐exchange reaction and the dayglow N₂⁺ emission

Broadfoot¹,

Stone²

1999

J. Geophys. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Dayglow spectra were recorded by the Arizona Airglow Experiment from the payload bay of the shuttle, STS-74. These spectra are used to reexamine the role of the prominent N2 + first negative emission from the dayglow thermosphere. Many reports of the N2 + emissions identify problems in validating the intensity of the emission. Also, an extended vibrational and rotational structure of the bands remains unexplained in the historical analysis. These anomalies appear to be due to the charge-exchange reaction, N2+O+(2D,2p)-• N2++O, which is the dominant source of N2 + ions in the sunlit atmosphere at high altitudes. In the present work the N2 + emission was considered to originate from two separate ion sources. First are those emissions originating from ions produced by photoionizaton and electron bombardment; these emissions can be modeled. Second are the emissions originating from ions produced by the charge-exchange reaction; these emissions cannot be modeled. Synthetic emission profiles due to the first ion source were modeled and subtracted from the observed spectrum, leaving emission profiles resulting from the charge-exchange ion source. These residual vibrational and rotational profiles were analyzed to retrieve resonance scattering rates for these ions. These scattering rates can be used to estimate the N2 + first negative emission rate expected from the thermosphere with a model of the

show abstract

“…Many experiments have measured the intensity of the random background from space: BABY [31], NIGHTGLOW [55], Arizona-Airglow [56] and the Universitetsky-Tatiana microsatellite [57]. However, in order to devise a method for online background subtraction, it is necessary to have a finer characterization of the space-time behavior of the background on the space-time scale of the EAS development: ∆α ≃ 0.1 • and ∆t ≃ µs.…”

Section: Background and Noisementioning

confidence: 99%

The observation of extensive air showers from an Earth-orbiting satellite

Pallavicini

Pesce

Petrolini

2012

Astroparticle Physics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We review the main issues that are relevant for the observation of Extensive Air Showers from an Earth-Orbiting Satellite. Extensive Air Showers are produced by the interaction of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Particles with the atmosphere and can be observed by an orbiting telescope detecting the air scintillation light.We provide the main analytical formulas and semi-analytical results needed to optimize the design of a suitable telescope and estimate the best-expected performance and the minimal necessary requirements for the observation.While we have in mind an EUSO-like general-purpose experiment, the results presented in this paper are useful for any kind of space-based experiment.

show abstract

The Arizona Airglow Experiment as flown on four space-shuttle missions

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

Bridging the gap between ground‐based and space‐based observations of the night airglow

Bridging the gap between ground‐based and space‐based observations of the night airglow

The N₂ + O⁺ charge‐exchange reaction and the dayglow N₂⁺ emission

The observation of extensive air showers from an Earth-orbiting satellite

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The Arizona Airglow Experiment as flown on four space-shuttle missions

Cited by 13 publications

References 1 publication

Bridging the gap between ground‐based and space‐based observations of the night airglow

Bridging the gap between ground‐based and space‐based observations of the night airglow

The N2 + O+ charge‐exchange reaction and the dayglow N2+ emission

The observation of extensive air showers from an Earth-orbiting satellite

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

The N₂ + O⁺ charge‐exchange reaction and the dayglow N₂⁺ emission