The Arabidopsis GNARLED gene encodes the NAP125 homolog and controls several actin-based cell shape changes

Zimmermann, Ilona; Saedler, Rainer; Mutondo, Moola; Hülskamp, Martin

doi:10.1007/s00438-004-1052-2

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(58 reference statements)

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“…2J,K,L). This phenotype was also found in a mutant affecting ARP2-ARP3 complex function, the distorted1 mutant, and in a regulator of the ARP2-ARP3 complex, the nap1 mutant called gnarled (Brembu et al, 2004;Deeks et al, 2004;ElAssal et al, 2004a;Li et al, 2004;Zimmermann et al, 2004). The analysis of the cellular phenotype revealed that the elongation of the petiole is due to increased cell elongation of petiole cells.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 94%

“…Normally, pavement cells form many lobes that tightly interlock to form a continuous leaf epidermal surface. ARP2-ARP3 complex mutations and mutations of ARP2-ARP3 complex regulators affect the development of leaf epidermal lobes by reducing the ability of lobes to intercalate and adhere (Basu et al, 2004;ElAssal et al, 2004a;Frank et al, 2003;Le et al, 2003;Li et al, 2004;Mathur et al, 2003a;Mathur et al, 2003b;Saedler et al, 2004a;Zimmermann et al, 2004). Tip-growing root-hair cells show reduced or wavy growth in arp2 and arpc5 mutants when root hairs are challenged to elongate rapidly (Li et al, 2003;Mathur et al, 2003b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The corresponding mutants show an aberrant actin phenotype and affect the same cell types as the arp2-arp3 complex mutants except for the root hairs, indicating that they regulate most aspects of the ARP2-ARP3 complex function (Basu et al, 2004;Brembu et al, 2004;Deeks et al, 2004;El-Assal et al, 2004a;Saedler et al, 2004b;Zimmermann et al, 2004). Recently it was shown that HSPC300 is conserved in plants (as BRICK1, BRK1), and the analysis of the corresponding maize and Arabidopsis mutants also revealed a distorted phenotype and an involvement in the regulation of actin (Djakovic et al, 2006;Frank and Smith, 2002;Le et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role ofArabidopsis SCARgenes in ARP2-ARP3-dependent cell morphogenesis

et al. 2007

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The actin-nucleating ARP2-ARP3 complex controls cell shape in plants in many different cell types. Its activity is controlled by a multimeric complex containing BRK1 (also known as HSPC300), NAP1, SRA1, ABI and SCAR/WAVE. In this study, we focus on the function of the five putative SCAR homologues in Arabidopsis and we provide biochemical evidence that AtSCAR2 can activate the ARP2-ARP3 complex in vitro. Among the single mutants, mutations in only AtSCAR2 result in a subtle or weak phenotype similar to ARP2, ARP3 and other 'distorted' mutants. Double-mutant analysis revealed a redundancy with AtSCAR4. Systematic application of the yeast two-hybrid system and Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) revealed a complex protein-interaction network between the ARP2-ARP3 complex and its genetically defined regulators. In addition to protein interactions known in other systems, we identified several new interactions, suggesting that SPIKE1 may be an integral component of the SCAR/WAVE complex and that SCAR proteins in plants might act as direct effectors of ROP GTPases.

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Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role ofArabidopsis SCARgenes in ARP2-ARP3-dependent cell morphogenesis

et al. 2007

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“…Moreover, genetic evidence strongly supports the conclusion that this complex plays an essential role in activation of the ARP2/3 complex in Arabidopsis. 'Distorted' trichome mutants gnarled (grl) and pirogi/klunker (pir/klk), with phenotypes very similar to those of ARP2/3 complex subunit mutants, are mutations in the Arabidopsis homologs of Nap-1 and PIR121/Sra-1, respectively (El-Assal et al, 2004b;Basu et al, 2004;Deeks et al, 2004;Brembu et al, 2004;Zimmermann et al, 2004a;Li et al, 2004). In addition, dis3/itb1 mutations disrupting Arabidopsis SCAR2 produce a milder version of the same phenotype (Basu et al, 2005;Zhang et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BRICK1/HSPC300 functions with SCAR and the ARP2/3 complex to regulate epidermal cell shape in Arabidopsis

et al. 2006

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The Arp2/3 complex, a highly conserved nucleator of F-actin polymerization,is essential for a variety of eukaryotic cellular processes, including epidermal cell morphogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Efficient nucleation of actin filaments by the Arp2/3 complex requires the presence of an activator such as a member of the Scar/WAVE family. In mammalian cells, a multiprotein complex consisting of WAVE, PIR121/Sra-1, Nap1, Abi-2 and HSPC300 mediates responsiveness of WAVE to upstream regulators such as Rac. Essential roles in WAVE complex assembly or function have been demonstrated for PIR121/Sra-1, Nap1 and Abi-2, but the significance of HSPC300 in this complex is unclear. Plant homologs of all mammalian WAVE complex components have been identified, including HSPC300, the mammalian homolog of maize BRICK1 (BRK1). We show that, like mutations disrupting the Arabidopsis homologs of PIR121/Sra-1, Nap1 and Scar/WAVE, mutations in the Arabidopsis BRK1gene result in trichome and pavement cell morphology defects (and associated alterations in the F-actin cytoskeleton of expanding cells) similar to those caused by mutations disrupting the ARP2/3 complex itself. Analysis of double mutants provides genetic evidence that BRK1 functions in a pathway with the ARP2/3 complex. BRK1 is required for accumulation of SCAR1 protein in vivo,potentially explaining the apparently essential role of BRK1 in ARP2/3 complex function.

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“…In plants small GTPases related to RHO and RAC/ CDC42 called ROPs are known and were shown to be involved in the control of actin organization (Yang, 2002;Mathur and Hulskamp, 2002;Smith, 2003). Also two of the immediate targets of ROPs, NAP125, PIR121, were identified (Basu et al, 2004;Brembu et al, 2004;Deeks et al, 2004;El-Assal et al, 2004a;Li et al, 2004;Zimmermann et al, 2004). The corresponding mutants show a similar phenotypic range as the arp2/3 mutants indicating that they are acting in the same pathway.…”

Section: Growing Straight: Trichome Expansion Is Regulated By Actinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidermal differentiation: trichomes in Arabidopsis as a model system

Schellmann

Hülskamp²

2005

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

135

120

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Arabidopsis trichomes are an excellent model system to study all aspects of cell differentiation including cell fate determination, cell cycle regulation, cell polarity and cell expansion. Genetic analysis had initially identified mutants affecting trichome development at different developmental stages. During recent years, molecular analysis of the corresponding genes has revealed a first glimpse of the underlying molecular mechanisms. This paper summarizes some of the recent insights regarding the mechanisms of trichome development.

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The Arabidopsis GNARLED gene encodes the NAP125 homolog and controls several actin-based cell shape changes

Cited by 36 publications

References 33 publications

The role ofArabidopsis SCARgenes in ARP2-ARP3-dependent cell morphogenesis

The role ofArabidopsis SCARgenes in ARP2-ARP3-dependent cell morphogenesis

BRICK1/HSPC300 functions with SCAR and the ARP2/3 complex to regulate epidermal cell shape in Arabidopsis

Epidermal differentiation: trichomes in Arabidopsis as a model system

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