The applications of echelon use batteries from electric vehicles to distributed energy storage systems

Abstract

Echelon use batteries from electric vehicles will bring not only the cost reduction of energy storage but also the social benefits of circular using of resource, energy conservation and emission reduction. It is an important echelon use orientation that retired batteries from electric vehicles are rebuilt into distributed energy storage systems. The article introduces 8 cases of distributed energy storage systems containing echelon use batteries, whose application scenarios include load shifting, renewable energy storage, frequency modulation of power system, and capacity charge management. In summary, the reconstruction of echelon use batteries is based on battery packs or modules in order to reduce the cost of their secondary development as much as possible because the advantage of echelon use batteries is low cost after all. Echelon use batteries should be used under the regime of low rate and / or shallow charge-discharge for the sake of their cycle life and safety. Besides, a set of distributed energy storage system containing retired batteries from ROEWE e50 electric vehicles was developed by us and its application effects in a distributed PV generation station was introduced. Ten 3P3S retired batteries modules with similar capacities are rebuilt a 5 kWh energy storage system with 50 V rated voltage, whose energy transition efficiency is about 88%. Energy storage applications of retired batteries from electric vehicles in distributed PV generation not only supply electrical loads with stable power, but also achieve peak shaving of solar electric power.

Analysis of the Use of Rational Electric Vehicle Battery Design as an Example of the Introduction of the Fit for 55 Package in the Real Estate Market

“…Lithium elements emit approximately 3.8 V, so the total battery will have 365 V. The batteries of the Nissan Leaf are equipped with units with a voltage of about 400 V. This value of electric voltage is chosen to ensure that the voltage was sufficient for low-power motors. Lithium elements have a voltage of 3.8 V to 4.2 V, therefore, an in-series connection of 100 elements will receive approximately 400 V [25]. In this type of battery cell connection, if one link fails, the whole battery will stop working.…”