The Application of the Divine Proportion for the Construction of the Visualized Treatment Objective in Craniofacial Surgery

Abstract

Aesthetics and function of maxillofacial district are closely related and could interfere with patient psychological conditions. The aim of this paper is to describe and to analyze the procedures necessary for a proper surgical visualized treatment objective (VTO) realization through the use of the tracing on lateral head film, applying the divine proportion (or golden ratio) in certain steps. The method described is easy to realize, cheap and help both orthodontist and maxillo-facial surgeon to communicate each other and to the patients.For the following article, digital research and handheld research on surgical VTO planning for patients with skeletal or dentoalveolar severe deformities managed by surgeons and orthodontics were used. The research included articles in English published on dental and maxillofacial surgery journals.The surgical VTO consists of a ''previsualization'' of the objectives in order to make the desired changes for the individual patient. The result can thus be visualized and pre-evaluated rather than just imagined by the mind's eye. To simplify the procedure, the surgical VTO has been divided into 11 steps. The accurate model of the surgical result is fundamental in the treatment of dentofacial deformities. These predictions are intended to guide the treatment towards the desired result, to give the patient a reasonable preview of the outcome, and to ensure communication between the orthodontist and the surgeon.This technique proves to be effective in planning surgical treatment and it allows the clinician to view changes before, during, and after orthognathic surgery. The skeletal, dental, and aesthetic complete cephalometric evaluation is the key point to the long-term success of the results.

Treatment Strategy for Condyle/Ramus Deficiency Using 3D Virtual Surgery and CAD/CAM Technologies; Total Joint Replacement or Inverted-L Osteotomy

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The effect of combined maxillary pad movable appliance and FR-III functional appliance in the treatment of skeletal Class III malocclusion of deciduous teeth

“…The comprehensive skeletal, dentaland esthetics cephalometric evaluation is the key point to the success of the result [ 18 ]. During the 3-year treatment period, the statistical analysis of X-ray lateral cephalometric film data before and after the treatment of the children, the study showed that SNA (+ 1.29°), ANB (+ 1.98°), and NA-PA(+ 1.93°) in sagittal bone surface indexes of the upper and lower jawbones increased, while SNB (-0.71°) decreased, the sagittal anomalies of the jawbones were improved, and there were significant differences before and after treatment ( P < 0.05).…”

Custom-Made Alloplastic Prosthetic Implant to Treat Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis in Pediatric Patients: A Case Study

“…Moreover, the affected side also negatively conditions the development of musculature, resulting in the atrophy of the masseter and the internal pterygoid muscles, which are less stretchable and more fibrotic. Therefore, in the absence of a correct restoration of symmetry and function, the subsequent surgery would bear a substantially higher risk of failure owing to the tendency of muscles to relapse and midface asymmetry which would likely require orthognathic surgery as well, not to mention the psychosocial and emotional implications that the missed restoration of facial harmony and function would have on the child patient [34].…”