The Application of Second Language Acquisition to Programming Language Study

Abstract

This paper describes a design and implementation of a Second Language Acquisition in a Blended Learning (SLA-aBLe) project that aims to examine the efficacy of SLA approaches for teaching programming language. The project, which has been running for three semesters, modifies specific learning modules in a programming language class using a series of shorter videos with subtitles, online quizzes with tiered questions and comments, and a topic specified discussion board with Q&A sections. The SLA aspect of the SLA-aBLe study is emphasized through the use of strategies defined as best-practice SLA techniques, such as the inclusion of self-testing tired questions and visual-aided explanation in screencasts, more online programming writing assessment, more collaboration, and 'speak aloud' in labs. A series of surveys assessing students' perceptions, attitudes, and satisfaction of students in the SLA-aBLe, and control groups were analyzed. Their academic performance on exam scores was compared. A random group of students were selected and interviewed face-to-face each semester to understand the effectiveness of the SLA-aBLe design. Assessment results confirmed the effectiveness of SLA-aBLe design. IntroductionProgramming language is a common mandatory course taught in the first year of engineering and computer science programs. These types of courses typically utilize a common programming language (MATLAB, C, Java) to teach students about syntax and programming techniques and to introduce students to applied problem solving [1][2][3][4] . Learning a computer programming language has been known to be difficult for high-school and university students because of the lack of time for practice 5 , in addition to the conceptual complexity of the topic and logical reasoning processes required for understanding. Programming courses are critical to the learning needs of students in STEM majors, as they provide students with problem solving skills that are easily transferrable and contextually relevant to math and science courses in the curriculum.

Motivating Students to Learn a Programming Language: Applying a Second Language Acquisition Approach in a Blended Learning Environment

“…At each of the five stages of SLA, different proficiencies were focused on and different cognitive skills related to language learning were developed. Past research shows that at the preproduction stage of SLA, students have minimal comprehension [6][7][8][9]. PowerPoint slides were designed to include pictures, animation, interactive tiered questions, and MATLAB programming.…”

“…We believe this approach can accommodate a variety of learning needs and abilities, while potentially increasing student engagement in online components, reducing the intimidation and anxiety associated with learning programming languages, and providing better preparation for face-to-face classes. SLA-aBLe will encourage the development of problem solving skills needed to succeed in higher education [6][7][8][9][10].…”