The Application of Phytohormones as Biostimulants in Corn Smut Infected Hungarian Sweet and Fodder Corn Hybrids

Szőke, Lóránt; Moloi, Makoena Joyce; Kovács, Gabriella; Bíró, G.; Radócz, László; Hájos, Mária Takácsné; Kovács, Béla; Rácz, Dalma; Danter, Mátyás; Tóth, Brigitta

doi:10.3390/plants10091822

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 118 publications

(131 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…SOD activity is often increased in various biotic and abiotic stress situations, and higher activity is correlated with the resistance to the oxidative stress caused by abiotic stress as well as pathogens ( Ehsani-Moghaddam et al, 2006 ; Gill and Tuteja, 2010 ; Youssef et al, 2020 ). These enzyme activities were also reported to be modulated by phytohormones ( Szöke et al, 2021 ). Thus, in this study, in onion, reprograming of these genes led to the activation of antioxidant enzymes in response to PB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Onion in Response to Infection by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cifferi

Khandagale

Roylawar²,

Kulkarni

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purple blotch (PB) is one of the most destructive foliar diseases of onion and other alliums, caused by a necrotrophic fungal pathogen Alternaria porri. There are no reports on the molecular response of onion to PB infection. To elucidate the response of onion to A. porri infection, we consequently carried out an RNAseq analysis of the resistant (Arka Kalyan; AK) and susceptible (Agrifound rose; AFR) genotype after an artificial infection. Through differential expression analyses between control and pathogen-treated plants, we identified 8,064 upregulated and 248 downregulated genes in AFR, while 832 upregulated and 564 downregulated genes were identified in AK. A further significant reprogramming in the gene expression profile was also demonstrated by a functional annotation analysis. Gene ontology (GO) terms, which are particularly involved in defense responses and signaling, are overrepresented in current analyses such as “oxidoreductase activity,” “chitin catabolic processes,” and “defense response.” Several key plant defense genes were differentially expressed on A. porri infection, which includes pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins, receptor-like kinases, phytohormone signaling, cell-wall integrity, cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, and transcription factors. Some of the genes were exclusively overexpressed in resistant genotype, namely, GABA transporter1, ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein, xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase, and PR-5 (thaumatin-like). Antioxidant enzyme activities were observed to be increased after infection in both genotypes but higher activity was found in the resistant genotype, AK. This is the first report of transcriptome profiling in onion in response to PB infection and will serve as a resource for future studies to elucidate the molecular mechanism of onion-A. porri interaction and to improve PB resistance in onions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Onion in Response to Infection by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cifferi

Khandagale

Roylawar²,

Kulkarni

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most research has focused primarily on plant responses to abiotic stress [27,[39][40][41][42], but there is also an increasing number of studies that also examine some form of biotic stress factors [11,[43][44][45]. The crops included in the experiments come primarily from the most important crops, such as maize.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of European Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) to Blight Fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr)

Kovács

Szőke

Tóth

et al. 2021

Plants

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The most important disease of European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is chestnut blight caused by the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr which induces yield reduction in Europe and North America. This study aimed to investigate the impacts of C. parasitica infection on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of European chestnut at two different growth stages, 3 and 6 weeks after the infection. The amount of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoids), the relative chlorophyll content, and the photochemical efficiency of the photosystem II (PSII) were measured in the leaves above and below the virulent and hypovirulent C. parasitica infections. The highest values were measured in the control leaves, the lowest values were in the leaves of the upper part of virulent necrosis. Antioxidant enzyme activities such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), proline, and malondialdehyde concentrations were also investigated. In each of these measured values, the lowest level was measured in the control leaves, while the highest was in leaves infected with the virulent fungal strain. By measuring all of these stress indicator parameters the responses of chestnut to C. parasitica infection can be monitored and determined. The results of this study showed that the virulent strain caused more pronounced defense responses of chestnut’s defense system. The measured parameter above the infection was more exposed to the blight fungus disease relative to the leaves below the infection.

show abstract

“…The oxidative burst in host plants may activate the antioxidative mechanisms. Szőke et al [ 52 ] showed that the corn smut infection increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, APX, and POX) and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the infected fodder and sweet corn hybrids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Szőke et al [ 52 ] showed that infection of sweet corn at the vegetative stage with a high amount of corn smut sporidia (10,000 sporidia/mL), under controlled conditions in the greenhouse negatively impacted the photosynthesis pigments and growth parameters. They suggested a follow-up study to establish the effects of corn smut at lower loadings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of Different Sporidium Numbers of Ustilago maydis Infection on Two Hungarian Sweet Corn Hybrids’ Characteristics at Vegetative and Generative Stages

Szőke

Moloi

Kaczur

et al. 2023

Life

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Corn smut is one of the major diseases in corn production. The cob infection causes high economic and quality loss. This research investigated the effects of three different concentrations of corn smut infection (2500, 5000, and 10,000 sporidia/mL) on two Hungarian sweet corn hybrids (Desszert 73 and Noa). Plants were infected at the vegetative (V4–V5) and the generative (V7) stages. The effects of the corn smut infection were evaluated at 7 and 14 days after the pathogen infection (DAPI) at vegetative and at 21 DAPI at generative stages. The photosynthetic pigments (relative chlorophyll, chlorophyll-a and b, and carotenoids), malondialdehyde (MDA), and proline concentration, activities of the antioxidant enzymes [ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD)], morphological characteristics (plant height, stem and cob diameter, cob length, cob and kernel weights), mineral contents (Al, B, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Pb, S, Sr, and Zn), and quality parameters (dry matter, fiber, fat, ash, nitrogen, and protein) were measured. At both sampling times (7 and 14 DAPI) in both hybrids, the corn smut infection reduced the photosynthetic pigments (relative chlorophyll, chlorophylls-a, and b, and carotenoids) irrespective of the spore concentration. Under the same conditions, the MDA and proline contents, as well as the activities of APX, POX, and SOD increased at both sampling times. The negative effects of the corn smut infection were also observed at the generative stage. Only the 10,000 sporidia/mL of corn smut caused symptoms (tumor growth) on the cobs of both hybrids at 21 DAPI. Similarly, this treatment impacted adversely the cob characteristics (reduced cob length, kernel weight, and 100 grains fresh and dry weight) for both hybrids. In addition, crude fat and protein content, Mg, and Mn concentration of grains also decreased in both hybrids while the concentration of Al and Ca increased. Based on these results, the sweet corn hybrids were more susceptible to corn smut at the vegetative stage than at the generative stage.

show abstract

The Application of Phytohormones as Biostimulants in Corn Smut Infected Hungarian Sweet and Fodder Corn Hybrids

Cited by 15 publications

References 118 publications

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Onion in Response to Infection by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cifferi

Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Onion in Response to Infection by Alternaria porri (Ellis) Cifferi

The Physiological and Biochemical Responses of European Chestnut (Castanea sativa L.) to Blight Fungus (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr)

Examination of Different Sporidium Numbers of Ustilago maydis Infection on Two Hungarian Sweet Corn Hybrids’ Characteristics at Vegetative and Generative Stages

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About