The Application of Model-Based Reasoning within a Decision Support System for Protection Engineers

Enhancing wide-area monitoring and control with intelligent alarm handling

“…From this diagram, we observe that the values of temporal severity for bus 7 and bus 5 are correlated. In Table 1, we observe that between 80 and 110 seconds, bus 7 and bus 5 have the highest spatial and temporal severity index scores, respectively.…”

“…We do this by simulating the associated control actions for the alarms, one at a time using power flow simulation. In the spatial alarm ranking, for example, the alarm on bus 7 is fixed with the following control actions, namely, by minimizing congestion on line [5][6][7] by decreasing generation at bus 5 and increasing generation at bus 2 . Even though this resolves the second alarm, the remaining alarms still exist.…”

“…Related work in intelligent alarm processing has suggested a number of approaches to tackle this problem [2]- [7]. We are especially interested in how the output of intelligent alarm processing can trigger rules that recommend (manual and) automatic control actions [3].…”

A toolset for applying model-based reasoning techniques to diagnostics for power systems protection

“…Using MBR techniques this process can be automated to validate the performance of entire protection schemes as well as just the relays [7], [8], such as the protection for the feeder shown in Fig. 2.…”

Tracking applications with fuzzy-based fusion rules

“…In such case, although the attribute of each target is invariant over time, at the attribute-tracking level the type of the target committed to the (unresolved) track varies with time and must be tracked properly in order to discriminate how many different targets are hidden in the same unresolved track. Alarms classification and prioritization [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8] is very challenging task, because in case of multiple suspicious signals (relating to a set of a priori defined, out of the ordinary dangerous directions), generated from a number of sensors in the observed area, it requires the most dangerous among them to be correctly recognized, in order to decide properly where the video camera should be oriented. There are cases, when some of the alarms generated could be incorrectly interpreted as false, increasing the chance to be ignored, in case when they are really significant and dangerous.…”