The application of corticosteroids for pathological scar prevention and treatment: current review and update

Abstract

The prevention and treatment of pathological scars remain challenging. Corticosteroids are the mainstay drugs in clinical scar prevention and treatment as they effectively induce scar regression and improve scar pruritus and pain. Currently, intralesional injections of corticosteroids are widely used in clinical practice. These require professional medical manipulation; however, the significant accompanying injection pain, repetition of injections and adverse effects, such as skin atrophy, skin pigmentation and telangiectasia, make this treatment modality an unpleasant experience for patients. Transdermal administration is, therefore, a promising non-invasive and easy-to-use method for corticosteroid administration for scar treatment. In this review, we first summarize the mechanisms of action of corticosteroids in scar prevention and treatment; then, we discuss current developments in intralesional injections and the progress of transdermal delivery systems of corticosteroids, as well as their corresponding advantages and disadvantages.

Protein Expression and Bioinformatics Study of Granulosa Cells of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Expressed Under the Influence of DHEA

“…Each group of cells was divided into 4 groups, in which the 2 cell types were introduced with 10 −5 M DHEAS (Sigma‒Aldrich). 35,36 Following DHEAS treatment, the same culturing conditions were maintained as in the preliminary culture, and these cells underwent exposure for 2 days. After that, these developed GCs were isolated 37 and maintained in storage at −80°C until use.…”

Advances in skin gene therapy: utilizing innovative dressing scaffolds for wound healing, a comprehensive review

“…Despite the fact that corticosteroids suppress fibroblast proliferation, decrease collagen and glycosaminoglycan formation, and reduce inflammation, their use in medicine is constrained by side effects such as hypopigmentation and subcutaneous atrophy. 27,164 As a result, there is no proof to support the absolute success of conventional treatments; they merely contribute to reducing scarring. Promising strategies for scar management that are based on basic science, such as genetic and epigenetic information, require an overview of the processes and major players associated with wound healing.…”

A Comprehensive Review of Non-Surgical Treatments for Hypertrophic and Keloid Scars in Skin of Color

“…9 Corticosteroids act to reduce scar volume via multiple mechanisms: 1) decreasing local inflammation, 2) dampening fibroblast proliferation, and 3) inhibiting collagen production. 18,19 On a molecular level, corticosteroids have been found to hinder the expression of TGF-β1, thereby leading to a decrease in collagen synthesis. 20,21 Triamcinolone acetonide (TAC) is the most frequently employed corticosteroid to treat keloids and HTS.…”