The application of aluminium phthalocyanine AlPs-4-mediated photodynamic therapy against human soft tissue sarcoma (RMS) cell line

Abstract

The main challenge in the cancer treatment is the on-target drug delivery to the affected cells. Various therapies have been designed to target the affected cells efficiently but still the success is awaited. An iron and cobalt nanocomposite for the effective drug delivery to target cells was designed. The photodynamic effect of anticancer drugs loaded with iron oxide and cobalt ferrite nanomaterials coated with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was studied. The iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and cobalt ferrite (CF) NPs without the loaded drugs were characterized by UV, XRD, FTIR, SEM and EDX techniques. The photodynamic effect of the photosensitizer, doxorubicin, and dacarbazine loaded nanomaterials were screened against human rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) cells after incubation for 3 h, 24 h, and 48 h using MTT assay. The combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with chemo drugs is studied over different doses. When RMS cells were exposed to nanomaterials loaded with chemo drugs and PDT alone, it resulted in less cell killing compared to chemo drugs followed by PDT. These results revealed that in the case of combined treatment (combination therapy) the cell viability decreases as compared to individual treatment (monotherapy). The in vitro studies showed positive results which give a new pathway for the in vivo studies.

In-vitro anticancer and anti-migration effect of Ficus racemosa leaves extract and its neoadjuvant combination with chemo-photodynamic therapy

“…plant extracts (mixture of numerous compounds), chemo agents and PDT will trigger various cellular pathways leading to cell death such as inhibition of Topoisomerase I, ROS generation, apoptosis, and possibly others, and thus will be a more effective anticancer therapy. This has also been reported that photosense-mediated PDT improves therapeutic outcomes in conjunction with Dox [43] and DTIC [44] by simultaneously targeting DNA and proteins. Combining herbal or phytoproducts with synthetic medications promotes a beneficial synergistic impact, reduces drug resistance, and may reduce side effects [45][46][47].…”

Supramolecular and base-induced singlet oxygen generation enhancement of a water-soluble phthalocyanine

“…Their maximum absorption (usually centred at 700 nm) is within the first phototherapeutic window, which is especially relevant for biomedical light management [10] and particularly photodynamic therapy (PDT) [11][12]. Several strategies to produce water-soluble phthalocyanines for biomedical applications have been developed in recent decades [13], and many sulfonated derivatives have been reported [14][15], usually with Zn or Al metal ions at their core to promote efficient singlet oxygen (SO) generation [16][17][18].…”