The application of a channel-individualized method for assessing long-term, realistic exposure to radiofrequency radiation emitted by mobile communication base station antennas

Temporal 24-hour assessment of radio frequency exposure in schools and homes

“…Variations of ±4.5 dB and ±5.2 dB for GSM900 as a result of traffic variations were obtained in [11] and [14], respectively. In [14], only one single measurement location was considered.…”

“…[10], [13], [14] focused on GSM900, while [11], [12] also investigated GSM900, GSM1800, UMTS/HSPA. [8], [9] considered also broadcasting signals next to these telecommunication signals.…”

“…In [14], only one single measurement location was considered. [8], [10] obtained median variations over 7 days of 1.7 dB for FM and of about 7.5 dB for GSM900, GSM1800, and UMTS at outdoor locations.…”

“…The authors of [13] also stated that short-term exposure assessment is not reliable for evaluation of long-term exposure. [14] reported a variability of power density of the GSM900 downlink band of ±5.2 dB throughout the day as a result of traffic variation. The measurements of [14] were executed indoor at a single location.…”

“…[14] reported a variability of power density of the GSM900 downlink band of ±5.2 dB throughout the day as a result of traffic variation. The measurements of [14] were executed indoor at a single location. RF-EMF exposure assessment studies using exposimeters have also been reported, investigating spatial and temporal field aspects [17,18,19,20] but these assessments are difficult for accurate evaluation of temporal exposures due to limitations of the exposimeters (no settings per signal possible) and the use of exposimeters on the body can influence the results enormously.…”