The applicability of Impranil®DLN for gauging the biodegradation of polyurethanes

Biffinger, Justin C.; Barlow, Daniel E.; Cockrell, Allison L.; Cusick, Kathleen D.; Hervey, W. Judson; Fitzgerald, Lisa A.; Nadeau, Lloyd J.; Hung, Chia-Suei; Crookes‐Goodson, Wendy J.; Russell, John N.

doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.06.020

Cited by 61 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…To confirm that clearing of Impranil suspensions equates to hydrolysis of polyurethane polymers, we used 1 H NMR to detect the presence of Impranil hydrolysis products in Impranil-clearing assay samples (30). The Impranil-degrading activities of late-stationary-phase (22 h) cell-free culture supernatants were examined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical characterization of Impranil degradation by NMR spectroscopy. Although Impranil clearing appeared to have approached a maximum by 3 h postincubation, the clearing reaction was carried out to 24 h before 1 H NMR analysis was performed (30). At the end of the incubation period, Impranil-containing samples and control samples that did not contain Impranil were centrifuged in microcentrifuge tubes at 14,000 rpm for 30 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clarified supernatants were transferred to new microcentrifuge tubes and stored at Ϫ80°C until analysis. Samples for NMR measurements of hydrolysis products were prepared using 490 l of sample and 10 l of a 0.28 M 3-(trimethylsilyl)propionic-2,2,3,3-d 4 acid sodium salt aqueous solution as an internal standard (30). A sealed capillary filled with D 2 O was added for NMR lock.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Catabolite Repression and Impranil Polyurethane Degradation in Pseudomonas protegens Strain Pf-5

Hung

Zingarelli

Nadeau

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Polyester polyurethane (PU) coatings are widely used to help protect underlying structural surfaces but are susceptible to biological degradation. PUs are susceptible to degradation by Pseudomonas species, due in part to the degradative activity of secreted hydrolytic enzymes. Microorganisms often respond to environmental cues by secreting enzymes or secondary metabolites to benefit their survival. This study investigated the impact of exposing several Pseudomonas strains to select carbon sources on the degradation of the colloidal polyester polyurethane Impranil DLN (Impranil). The prototypic Pseudomonas protegens strain Pf-5 exhibited Impranil-degrading activities when grown in sodium citrate but not in glucose-containing medium. Glucose also inhibited the induction of Impranil-degrading activity by citrate-fed Pf-5 in a dose-dependent manner. Biochemical and mutational analyses identified two extracellular lipases present in the Pf-5 culture supernatant (PueA and PueB) that were involved in degradation of Impranil. Deletion of the pueA gene reduced Impranil-clearing activities, while pueB deletion exhibited little effect. Removal of both genes was necessary to stop degradation of the polyurethane. Bioinformatic analysis showed that putative Cbr/Hfq/Crc-mediated regulatory elements were present in the intergenic sequences upstream of both pueA and pueB genes. Our results confirmed that both PueA and PueB extracellular enzymes act in concert to degrade Impranil. Furthermore, our data showed that carbon sources in the growth medium directly affected the levels of Impranil-degrading activity but that carbon source effects varied among Pseudomonas strains. This study uncovered an intricate and complicated regulation of P. protegens PU degradation activity controlled by carbon catabolite repression. IMPORTANCEPolyurethane (PU) coatings are commonly used to protect metals from corrosion. Microbiologically induced PU degradation might pose a substantial problem for the integrity of these coatings. Microorganisms from diverse genera, including pseudomonads, possess the ability to degrade PUs via various means. This work identified two extracellular lipases, PueA and PueB, secreted by P. protegens strain Pf-5, to be responsible for the degradation of a colloidal polyester PU, Impranil. This study also revealed that the expression of the degradative activity by strain Pf-5 is controlled by glucose carbon catabolite repression. Furthermore, this study showed that the Impranil-degrading activity of many other Pseudomonas strains could be influenced by different carbon sources. This work shed light on the carbon source regulation of PU degradation activity among pseudomonads and identified the polyurethane lipases in P. protegens.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Catabolite Repression and Impranil Polyurethane Degradation in Pseudomonas protegens Strain Pf-5

Hung

Zingarelli

Nadeau

et al. 2016

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…; Biffinger et al . ). Despite these PU characteristics that are adverse to biodegradation, several Pseudomonas species including P. fluorescens , P. aeruginosa , P. cepacia , P. protegens and P. chlororaphis have been identified as PU degraders (Cregut et al .…”

Section: Relevance Of Pseudomonas Sp To Plastic Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The presence of carbamate bonds in PU renders it insoluble in common solvents including water, acetone and ethanol. Additionally, the durable properties of PU, which mediate its role as a flame retardant and antimicrobial, reduce the degradation effects of temperature, pH, chemical agents and microorganisms (Cregut et al 2013;Biffinger et al 2015). Despite these PU characteristics that are adverse to biodegradation, several Pseudomonas species including P. fluorescens, P. aeruginosa, P. cepacia, P. protegens and P. chlororaphis have been identified as PU degraders (Cregut et al 2013).…”

Section: Relevance Of Pseudomonas Sp To Plastic Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation and metabolism of synthetic plastics and associated products byPseudomonassp.: capabilities and challenges

2017

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SummarySynthetic plastics, which are widely present in materials of everyday use, are ubiquitous and slowly-degrading polymers in environmental wastes. Of special interest are the capabilities of microorganisms to accelerate their degradation. Members of the metabolically diverse genus Pseudomonas are of particular interest due to their capabilities to degrade and metabolize synthetic plastics. Pseudomonas species isolated from environmental matrices have been identified to degrade polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyurethane, polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene succinate, polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol at varying degrees of efficiency. Here, we present a review of the current knowledge on the factors that control the ability of Pseudomonas sp. to process these different plastic polymers and their by-products. These factors include cell surface attachment within biofilms, catalytic enzymes involved in oxidation or hydrolysis of the plastic polymer, metabolic pathways responsible for uptake and assimilation of plastic fragments and chemical factors that are advantageous or inhibitory to the biodegradation process. We also highlight future research directions required in order to harness fully the capabilities of Pseudomonas sp. in bioremediation strategies towards eliminating plastic wastes.

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Current progress towards understanding the biodegradation of synthetic condensation polymers with active hydrolases

Johnson

Barlow

Kelly

et al. 2020

Polymer International

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Natural and synthetic polymers represent a challenging source of raw materials to harvest and control in our environment. All polymeric materials eventually deteriorate and degrade over time due to changes in the inter-or intramolecular bonding resulting from biological and/or environmental exposure. Microorganisms use a combination of cellular hydrolytic and oxidative chemical processes to release carbon sources from polymers. Specifically, polyesters and polyurethanes are susceptible to hydrolysis by catabolic enzymes released by fungi, bacteria and archaea in the environment, and these polymer classes make up 35% of global polymer production. This review focuses on the activity of lipases, cutinases, esterases and proteases with polyesters and polyurethanes reported in articles from 2018 or later as well as new advances and key trends in both fundamental and applied biodegradation research efforts.

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The applicability of Impranil®DLN for gauging the biodegradation of polyurethanes

Cited by 61 publications

References 26 publications

Carbon Catabolite Repression and Impranil Polyurethane Degradation in Pseudomonas protegens Strain Pf-5

Carbon Catabolite Repression and Impranil Polyurethane Degradation in Pseudomonas protegens Strain Pf-5

Degradation and metabolism of synthetic plastics and associated products byPseudomonassp.: capabilities and challenges

Current progress towards understanding the biodegradation of synthetic condensation polymers with active hydrolases

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