The appearance of migration inhibition factor and a mitogen in lymph draining tuberculin reactions

Hay, J. B.; Lachmann, P. J.; Trnka, Z.

doi:10.1002/eji.1830030303

Cited by 46 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The rapid release of y-IFN into efferent lymph within 24 and 4 h of primary and secondary antigenic challenges //) vivo, respectively, is consistent with detection of biologically active mediators such as macrophage-inhibiting factor (MIF)and IL-2 in ovine efferent lymph draining reactions to antigen and tuberculin (26,27) and the release of y-IFN in vitro (13.25). The bioassay for IL-2 in efferent lymph is suppressed by anticoagulant (heparin or citrate, unpublished data).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…The release of y-IFN did not correlate with the magnitude of immediate-type (Arthus) skin reactions (whereas the serum titre at the time of challenge did), or the ability of adjuvants to induce delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) in sheep. Although CFA was the only adjuvant to elicit skin reactions of DTH type, the reaction was less definite than tuberculin responses in sheep (26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Influence of antigens and adjuvants on the production of gamma‐interferon and antibody by ovine lymphocytes

Emery

Rothel

Wood

1990

Immunology & Cell Biology

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SummaryThe production of gamma-interferon (y-IFN) and antigen-speeific immunoglobulin isotypes was monitored in sheep given primarj' and seeondary inocula of protein and polysaccharide antigens with or without adjuvants. In efferent lymph from prefemoral nodes draining the site of inoculation, y-IFN levels increased within 24 h after injection of adjuvants Quill A. dextran sultate (DXS) and 6 days after oil adjuvants in saline. The increased synthesis of y-lFN was prolonged by 1-2 days by the presence of adjuvanted antigen, but the major stimulus to y-IFN production was provided by the adjuvant. Alhydrogel (AH) did not initiate y-IFN synthesis. Following a second inocula of antigen in saline, increased levels of y-lFN were detected in efferent lymph after 3-4 h, and persisted for at least 2 days. Following cultivation ofleucocytes from immunized sheep with specific antigen in vitro, strong positive correlations between levels of interleukin (IL) IL-2, y-lFN, proliferative responses and antibody titres were observed. However, after analysisof the antigen-specitic isotypesof immunoglobulin (Ig) there was no correlation between the production of-y-lFN and particular Ig isotypes. Together with findings that AH did not preferentially induce IgGl or IgG2. these results suggest that the specific subpopulations of helper T lymphocytes which regulate the production of antibody isotypes by differential secretion of y-lFN or IL-4, are not as clearly defined in sheep as in mice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of antigens and adjuvants on the production of gamma‐interferon and antibody by ovine lymphocytes

Emery

Rothel

Wood

1990

Immunology & Cell Biology

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“…Blood flow increased 7-25 times and the afferent cell output increased approximately 30 times. A similar increase in cell output (approximate ly 25 times) in the afferent lymph draining tuberculin reactions has been described [9]. Furthermore, in the latter studies, the cell output peaked near 48 h, whereas in the present results the blood flow reached a maximum near 24 h. A sequence compara ble to that observed within lymph nodes and efferent lymph where the peak in blood flow precedes the peak cell output in the lymph may be evident when further data are col lected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

The Role of Hyperemia in Cellular Hypersensitivity Reactions

Hay

Hobbs

Johnston

et al. 1977

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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The three physiological processes vascular permeability, blood flow and lymphocyte migration were all enhanced in tuberculin reactions induced in guinea pigs and sheep and also in normal lymphocyte transfer reactions in sheep. Microspheres labelled with ⁸⁵Sr were used to measure blood flow to dermal sites and it was found that cellular hypersensitivity reactions had blood flows 7–25 times that of normal skin at the reaction peak. Vascular permeability was measured as an increase in the flow rate of afferent lymph or, in guinea pigs, as the enhanced leakage of intravascular ¹²⁵I-albumin. When the permeability-inducing peptide bradykinin was injected directly into tuberculin reaction, the resulting permeability was greater than the sum of the tuberculin and bradykinin permeability taken individually and it was concluded that the hyperemia enhanced the permeability-inducing capacity of bradykinin. When the traffic of lymphocytes through hypersensitivity lesions was measured in sheep by cannulating the regional afferent lymph vessels and continuously collecting the lymph, the increase in lymphocyte traffic was of the same order of magnitude as the increase in blood flow. It is suggested than the antigen-induced enhancement of blood flow caused the increase in lymphocyte traffic and that the mechanism was similar to that occurring within lymph nodes during the immune response to all antigens.

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“…1979;Drayson. Smith and Ford, 1981) to the elaboration of any one of a range of molecules that could alter the comportment of the reacting lymphocytes^ (Hay. Lachmann andTrnka.…”

Section: The Chimeric Status Of Prefemoral Lymph Lymphocytes During Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

INTERSPECIFIC CHIMERISM—THE CHARACTERIZATION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSIVENESS OF BOS TAURUSBOS INDICUS HAEMOPOIETIC CHIMERAS PRODUCED BY EMBRYO TRANSFER

Shelton

Morris

Bell

1984

Aust J Exp Biol Med

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Summary. Bos inuriis-Bos imiicits twin calves were produced by embryo iran^fer and their degree of bacmopoielic chimerism and immune responsiveness examined. All 10 pairs of Friesiiin-Brahman twins were chimeric compared wilb only f> out of 12 pairs of Jersey-Brahm;in twins. In Ihe Friesian-Brahman twins. Friesian lymphoL-ytes predominated in all calves while in the Jersey-Brahman Iwins there was no uniform dominance of one cell type over anoiber. All calves th;it had chimeric lymphocyte popuUitions were also erythrocyte chimeras, although in two pairs of twins the genotype of the erythrocytes was different from the genotype of the lymphocytes. The lymphocytes of all chimeric calves failed to respond in mixed lymphocyte culture fMLCl lests to the lymphocytes of their co-twins but gave vigorous responses lo cells from other calves.Primary and secondary immune responses to keyhole limpet baemocyanin (KLH) antigen were studied in the efferent prefemoral lymph in normal Jersey. Friesian and Brahman calves, in 1 set of Jersey-Brahman twins anil in 5 sets of Friesian-Brabman twins. The immune responses of chimeric twins with genetically identical lymphocyte populations were quite dissimilar and were characteristic of the somatic genotype of the calf and not of the genotype of the lymphocyte population. The chimeric status of ihe cell population in the lymph did not change significantly during the response. These results suggest that either the genetic capacity of ii population of lymphocytes to recognize and respond to antigens can be modified during ontogeny in an ;ilien genetic environment or that a crucial determinant of the final outcome of an immune response is not the immunocompetent cell itself but tbe physiological and anatomical environment in wbicb il exists.

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The appearance of migration inhibition factor and a mitogen in lymph draining tuberculin reactions

Cited by 46 publications

References 14 publications

Influence of antigens and adjuvants on the production of gamma‐interferon and antibody by ovine lymphocytes

Influence of antigens and adjuvants on the production of gamma‐interferon and antibody by ovine lymphocytes

The Role of Hyperemia in Cellular Hypersensitivity Reactions

INTERSPECIFIC CHIMERISM—THE CHARACTERIZATION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSIVENESS OF BOS TAURUSBOS INDICUS HAEMOPOIETIC CHIMERAS PRODUCED BY EMBRYO TRANSFER

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