The Apparent Toxicity of Metallic Materials of Construction and Antifoam Agents for Mammalian Cell Lines12

Giardinello, F. E.; McLimans, William F.; Rake, G. W.

doi:10.1128/aem.6.1.30-35.1958

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…During the initial phases of the reported investigations, it was necessary to study the reaction of the mammalian cell lines to materials of construction other than glass, as well as the apparent toxicity of available antifoam agents. Giardinello et al (1957) have reported the results of this preliminary study. They observed that the antifoam agents NOPCO LEF, GEAF 60, DEMIAL M and AF Extra S were nontoxic in the concentrations usually employed for this purpose.…”

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Submerged Culture of Mammalian Cells: The Five Liter Fermentor,

et al. 1957

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The design and application of a system permitting the active proliferation of mammalian cells, as individual units, in the submerged state, would seem to be of value to individuals interested in investigations relating to the overall kinetics of the host/cell virus interaction and to studies requiring high concentrations of uniform tissue cells or virus. This report presents data establishing the feasibility of obtaining uniform proliferation of mammalian cells in the submerged state in volumes up to 3 L in a stationary, impeller-agitated fermentor. Various types of agitated systems have been suggested as satisfactory for permitting growth of tissue cells in the submerged state, i. e., the rotary shaker of Earle et al. (1954), the tumble tube of Owens et al. (1953), the roller tube of Graham and Siminovitch (1955), the suspended stirrer in Erlenmeyer flasks of Cherry and Hull (1956), Powell's (1954) hexagonal roller tube, Brown and Hardy's (1957) wrist shaker, as well as the glass stirrer of Danes (1957). Inherent difficulties have been encountered with certain of the submerged culture systems mentioned. Thus, in shake flask systems there is a marked tendency toward the formation of large granules (McLimans et al., 1957). Additionally, proteinaceous precipitates are frequently formed. Certainly, the extrapolation to large vessels, 3 to 16 L, would be difficult in the instance of roller-tube type units or flask systems. We have reported (McLimans et al., 1957), l Contribution No. 12 from Microbiology in Medicine, Wistar. The investigations herein reported were conducted under the auspices of a grant (Contract no. DA-18-064-404-CML-74) from the U. S. Army Chemical Corps, Fort Detrick, Maryland.

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“…They observed that the antifoam agents NOPCO LEF, GEAF 60, DEMIAL M and AF Extra S were nontoxic in the concentrations usually employed for this purpose. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that stainless steel 316, 347, and 321 were satisfactory 768 on September 29, 2020 by guest http://jb.asm.org/ nontoxic materials of construction (Giardinello et al, 1957).…”

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Submerged Culture of Mammalian Cells: The Five Liter Fermentor,

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“…The fermentor shell of this equipment was fabricated from type 316 stainless steel alloy, an alloy known to be nontoxic to certain mammalian cells cultured in vitro (Giardinello et al, 1958). All lines and service connections which are in direct contact with the culture chamber are constructed of stainless steel of a suitable alloy.…”

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The Propagation of Mammalian Cells in a 20-Liter Stainless Steel Fermentor12

Ziegler¹,

Davis²,

Thomas³

et al. 1958

Applied Microbiology

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The propagation of mammalian cells in stainless steel fermentors of a type used in antibiotic fermentations represents a marked departure from the techniques employed in classical tissue culture studies. Since the pioneer work of Harrison (1907), in which he demonstrated the outgrowth of cells from nerve tissue maintained in vitro, many techniques for the in vitro culture of cells have been developed. An older method of cell culture, which is still used, MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-L Stainless Steel Fermentor. A diagram of the 20-L stainless steel fermentor5 is given in figure 1. 4New Brtunswick Scientific Co., New Bruinswick, New Jersey.

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ADSORPTION OF SILICONE ANTIFOAM BYSACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE

Vernon

Rose

1976

Journal of the Institute of Brewing

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Polydimethylsiloxane (PDS) dispersed in an aqueous emulsion containing stearate emulsifiers and ceflulose-based thickeners is adsorbed to the walls of Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC 366 during growth in a defined medium. Including PDS at concentrations up to 30 pg per ml of medium has no effect on the duration of the lag phase or the rate of exponential growth. Cells suspended in buffer containing PDS take at least 2-4 h to become saturated with PDS. Cells saturated with PDS do not differ from PDS-free organisms in respiratory activity, but have a slightly lower electrophoretic mobility at pH values between 4.0 and 7.0. About half of the PDS on saturated cells appears in the supernatant when they are converted into sphaeroplasts, but proportionately less PDS is released into the supernatant from cells containing less PDS. The equilibrium constant for binding of PDS to isolated walls is about five times as great as for binding to cells. PDS is taken up by isolated walls faster than by intact organisms. Incubation of walls saturated with PDS in buffered EDTA leads to release of PDS from the walls, but incubation in the presence of 8-m urea does not.

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The Apparent Toxicity of Metallic Materials of Construction and Antifoam Agents for Mammalian Cell Lines12

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Submerged Culture of Mammalian Cells: The Five Liter Fermentor,

Submerged Culture of Mammalian Cells: The Five Liter Fermentor,

The Propagation of Mammalian Cells in a 20-Liter Stainless Steel Fermentor12

ADSORPTION OF SILICONE ANTIFOAM BYSACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE

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