The antidepressant-like pharmacological profile of Yuanzhi-1, a novel serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor

Jin, Zeng-liang; Gao, Nana; Li, Xiaorong; Tang, Yu; Xiong, Jie; Chen, Hongxia; Xue, Rui; Li, Yunfeng

doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.01.005

Cited by 35 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…At the same time, this study found the neurons and glial cells in the frontal cortex and hippocampus were deformed or damaged, and the depressive behaviors of the mice correlated well with low levels of NE, Ad, DA, Try and 5-HT in the brain. These results are consistent with those of previous studies on brain tissue in depression (31,32). This indicates that the function of the spleen may play an important role in the pathogenesis of depression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Alterations in splenic function and gene expression in mice with depressive-like behavior induced by exposure to corticosterone

Zhan

Huang

Yan

et al. 2017

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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Depressed patients present with increased cortisol levels and attenuated immune responses. However, little is known about the association between depression and the spleen, as this is the largest peripheral immune organ. In this study, we examined alterations in splenic function and gene expression in mice with depressive-like behavior, well as the expression of certain proteins in related pathways. A mouse model of depression was established with the use of corticosterone. Splenic function and histopathology were assessed using Wright and H&E staining. The Agilent Whole Mouse Genome Oligo Microarray containing >41,174 transcript probes was used to measure the levels of gene-expression in the spleens from control and model mice, and the levels of certain proteins associated with depression were measured by western blot analysis in the brain and spleen separately. We found that splenic function and immunity in the mice with depressive-like behavior were markedly impaired. A total of 53 genes exhibited a differential response in the mice with depressive-like behavior, 11 of which were more notable, including collagen, type VI, α5 (Col6a5), immunoglobulin superfamily, member 11 (Igsf11), D site albumin promoter binding protein (Dbp), tachykinin 2 (Tac2) and γ-aminobutyric acid B receptor 2 (Gabbr2). Pathway analysis revealed that the amino acid biosynthesis and the clock gene pathways were more meaningful among these genes. The levels of GABBR2, DBP and substance P (SP; encoded by the Tac2 gene) related proteins in the brain were markedly downregulated, and similar results were observed in the spleen. The anti-depressant, fluoxetine, reversed the changes in the levels of these proteins. The findings of our study regarding changes occurring in the spleen during depression may indirectly elucidate and shed light into the pathogenesis of depression and depressive-like behavior.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Alterations in splenic function and gene expression in mice with depressive-like behavior induced by exposure to corticosterone

Zhan

Huang

Yan

et al. 2017

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

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“…Thirty minutes after SSRI treatment, the FST was conducted. The test was performed based on the procedure described by previous with a few modifications 16 , 20 . Mice were individually placed in a plastic cylinder (height = 45 cm, diameter = 19 cm) containing water (height = 23 cm) maintained at 23 ± 1 °C for 6 min and were scored for immobility during the last 4 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mice in the control group received the same volume of saline. Thirty minutes after SSRI treatment, the TST was conducted as described by previous 16 , 20 . Briefly, mice were individually suspended from the edge of a shelf, 60 cm above the ground, by adhesive tape placed over the tail at 1 cm from the tip.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse strain differences in SSRI sensitivity correlate with serotonin transporter binding and function

Jin¹,

Chen²,

Ran³

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) bind 5-HT transporters, leading to the accumulation of 5-HT and amelioration of depression. Although different mouse strains show varying sensitivity to SSRIs in mouse models of depression, the underlying mechanism of these strain differences remains unclear. Here, the SSRI citalopram dose-dependently reduced immobility time in both the FST and TST in DBA/2J mice but not C57BL/6J mice, whereas fluoxetine showed the opposite results. Paroxetine similarly reduced immobility time in both strains. The affinity of citalopram for the 5-HT transporter was 700-fold higher in DBA/2J mice than in C57BL/6J mice, whereas the affinity of fluoxetine was 100-fold higher in C57BL/6J mice than in DBA/2J mice. Furthermore, high citalopram concentrations were required for [3H]5-HT uptake in C57BL/6J but not in DBA/2J mouse cortical synaptosomes, whereas fluoxetine showed the opposite results. The effects of paroxetine on 5-HT transporter binding and synaptosomal 5-HT uptake were similar in the two strains. These results suggest that immobility duration depends on 5-HT transporter binding levels, which lead to apparent strain differences in immobility time in the FST and TST. Furthermore, differences in 5-HT transporter binding may cause variations in SSRI effects on behaviors.

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“…Ursolic acid (terpene) Activation of dopamine D 1 and D 2 receptors [99] Reserpiline(alkaloid) inhibition binding to DA-D2 and 5-HT2A receptors [71] α-Yohimbine (alkaloid) inhibition binding to DA-D2 and 5-HT2A receptors [71] Methylaplysinopsin (alkaloid) Inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and displacement serotonin from its receptors [100] Polygalasaponins (saponin) Affinity for dopamine and serotonin receptors [101] Yuanzhi-1 (triterpenoid saponin) Uptake of inhibitor that block dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin transporters [102] Geranial, neral and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, citronellal, geranyl-acetate, β-caryophyllene and β-caryophylleneoxide, and 1,8 cineole (terpene)…”

Section: Active Compound Mechanism Of Action Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ambit of Phytotherapy in Psychotic Care

Ajao¹,

Sabiu²,

OladunniBalogun³

et al. 2018

Psychosis - Biopsychosocial and Relational Perspectives

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The rate of psychosis has drastically increased in recent years and the number of prescriptions for psychiatric medications has made an even bigger jump. With the worrisome side effects of the medications, which can pose serious health risks and make medication compliance difficult, coupled with the prohibitive cost for many patients, there is an obvious need for alternative solutions. This review presents the ambit of phytotherapy in psychotic care. Interestingly, the review revealed that, plant-based medicines are rich in phytonutrients of antipsychotic importance and may be effective as stand-alone treatments or supplementary to conventional interventions. Despite the emerging interest in phytotherapy for mental disorders, the majority of the formulations are yet to be clinically certified. However, simply disregarding them for this reason might be consequential and as such, for better and improved mental health, research into phytotherapeutic care for psychosis must remain to be continuously explored as a promising niche.

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The antidepressant-like pharmacological profile of Yuanzhi-1, a novel serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine reuptake inhibitor

Cited by 35 publications

References 32 publications

Alterations in splenic function and gene expression in mice with depressive-like behavior induced by exposure to corticosterone

Alterations in splenic function and gene expression in mice with depressive-like behavior induced by exposure to corticosterone

Mouse strain differences in SSRI sensitivity correlate with serotonin transporter binding and function

The Ambit of Phytotherapy in Psychotic Care

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