The antibody response in serum, intestinal wall and intestinal lumen of NMRI mice infected with Echinostoma caproni

Abstract

Groups of mice (NMRI) were infected with 0.6 and 25 metacercariae of the intestinal trematode Echinostoma caproni. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for measuring the specific IgM, IgG and IgA antibody responses in serum, small intestinal tissue and small intestinal lumen of the mice, by using a crude adult E. caproni antigen. In infected mice, significant levels of IgM were measured in the sera from day 14 after infection and of IgG and IgA from day 28 after infection. Early in the infection, the mean level of serum IgM was higher in 6-worm infections than in 25-worm infections. Late in the infection, higher mean levels of IgA were reached in the serum of mice with high than in those with low dose infections. The onset of appearance of antibodies in the tissue of the small intestine reflected the picture seen in the serum. For IgM, and to a lesser degree for IgG, the highest mean antibody levels appeared in the posterior sections of the small intestinal wall, where also the parasites were located. The mean level of IgA, however, was uniform throughout the length of the small intestinal tissue. High levels of specific IgA were detected in the lumen of the small intestine on day 28 after infection, especially in the anterior sections, where only few parasites were located. No specific IgM or IgG could be detected in the intestinal lumen on this day. The results are related to the intestinal location and the pattern of expulsion of E. caproni in the mouse host.

Antibody Responses in Sera of Different Mouse Strains Experimentally Infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense

“…We could find that specific IgG antibody responses against N. seoulense infection progressively increased and reached a maximum at day 28 PI in 3 strains of mice. This agrees to the previous studies on the antibody responses in mice infected with E. caproni [11,17,22]. From our results, IgG titers of both ICR and BALB/c mice were remarkably higher than in C3H mice, and the correlation between the IgG titers and worm expulsion was high and many antigenic band profiles were observed in western blot data.…”

Development of an Antibody-Based Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detecting Echinostoma Caproni (Trematoda) in Experimentally Infected Rats: Kinetics of Coproantigen Excretion

“…However, only a limited number of studies have considered this topic, and only indirect ELISA methods have been developed (Simonsen et al, 1991;Agger et al, 1993;Graczyk andFried, 1994, 1995;Toledo et al, 2003). These studies have demonstrated that anti-E. caproni immunoglobulins can be detected in experimentally infected mice by 14 and 8 DPI depending on the antigen used (Agger et al, 1993;Graczyk andFried, 1994, 1995).…”

“…However, only a limited number of studies have considered this topic, and only indirect ELISA methods have been developed (Simonsen et al, 1991;Agger et al, 1993;Graczyk andFried, 1994, 1995;Toledo et al, 2003). These studies have demonstrated that anti-E. caproni immunoglobulins can be detected in experimentally infected mice by 14 and 8 DPI depending on the antigen used (Agger et al, 1993;Graczyk andFried, 1994, 1995). Moreover, antibody detection methods have major limitations, i.e., the presence of antibodies indicates previous exposures rather than active infections, and considerably different patterns of anti-E. caproni antibody titers have been observed depending on the host species (Simonsen et al, 1991;Toledo et al, 2003).…”

“…Earlier studies have demonstrated that immunodiagnosis of echinostome infections is feasible by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using different antigenic extracts. Agger et al (1993) showed that anti-Echinostoma caproni antibodies are detectable in sera from experimentally infected NMRI mice by the 14th day postinfection (DPI) by using crude adult antigen. Graczyk and Fried (1994, 1995) detected anti-E. caproni immunoglobulins by 8 DPI in ICR mice by using glycocalyx membrane crude antigen from adult worms.…”

Foodborne Intestinal Flukes in Southeast Asia

“…Some factors in mouse serum were also shown to induce retraction of collar spines in E. trivolvis, probably enhancing worm expulsion [360]. IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were elevated in serum and the small intestine of mice infected with E. caproni [361,362]. Antibodies in mouse serum covered the surface of E. revolutum in vitro, and worms obtained from immune mice were covered by antibodies [363].…”