The Anti-inflammatory Effect of Chitosan Oligosaccharide on Heart Failure in Mice

Abstract

Heart failure is currently one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and the inflammatory factors play an important role in its development. Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), a low-molecular-weight form of chitosan, has many specific biological activities. In this study, COS effects on heart failure were studied for the first time by performing transverse arch constriction (TAC) surgery in mice, as an animal model of heart failure. Our findings revealed that COS administration (in both 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg doses) significantly ameliorated TCA-induced left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy as well as the increase in lung and heart weight in mice, while improving TAC-induced LV dysfunction. Both doses effectively attenuated LV cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, while decreasing heart inflammation after heart failure in mice. In conclusion, our results indicated that the supplementation of COS in normal diet might be an effective way to prevent further myocardial tissue damage in patients suffering from heart failure.

Chitosan Versus Dapagliflozin in a Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Mouse Model

“…In a recent study, the administration of chitosan in the form of epicardial-implanted hydrogel reduced the degree of myocardial fibrosis in both nonischemic and ischemic hearts, and this effect was associated with an important reduction in hypertrophic stress [30]. Another suggested mechanism by which chitosan reduces myocardial fibrosis is via the reduction of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), which causes inflammatory macrophages to no longer be effective with consequent myofibroblast transdifferentiation and matrix synthesis via the Smad protein-dependent pathway [31]. The information regarding the use of dapagliflozin in diabetic cardiomyopathy to reduce fibrosis is much more consistent, and the main mechanism is represented by a reduction of blood glucose, as shown in all subsequent generated molecular mechanisms [16].…”

Advances in the design, generation, and application of tissue-engineered myocardial equivalents

“…Their engineering with magnetic nanoparticles or carbon nanotubes further contributed to improving cell alignment and electrical crosstalk ( Sun et al, 2017 ; Yu et al, 2017 ; Zwi-Dantsis et al, 2020 ). Besides collagen I, other natural materials found large use to manufacture hydrogels for cardiac applications, as the collagen-originated gelatin, the brown seaweed-derived alginate, the coagulation-related fibrin, the non-sulfated linear glycosaminoglycan hyaluronic acid, the crustacean chitosan, or their combinations ( So et al, 2009 ; Nezhad-Mokhtari et al, 2020 ; Sisso et al, 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2022a ; Chang et al, 2022 ; Tohidi et al, 2022 ; Wu et al, 2023 ). Hydrogel composites can better replicate the thin and delicate ECM network typical of the myocardium.…”

Isolation and Purification of Chitosan Oligosaccharides (Mw ≤ 1000) and Their Protective Effect on Acute Liver Injury Caused by CCl4

“…After a series of compound chemical treatments, chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharides are obtained, which have important application value in medical care and food [ 1 ]. Chitosan oligosaccharide itself has a variety of physiological activities, such as antibacterial properties [ 2 , 3 ], anti-tumor properties [ 4 , 5 ], antioxidant [ 3 , 6 ] and anti-inflammatory effects [ 7 ], etc. There are also studies using chitosan oligosaccharides as a drug carrier [ 8 , 9 ] or as a prebiotic to explore their influence on intestinal flora in different diseases [ 10 , 11 ].…”