The anti-carcinogenic and anti-atherogenic effects of lycopene: a review

Seo

2011

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

Summary Reactive oxygen species (ROS) including hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) are involved in the pathogenesis of gastric inflammation. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a potent mediator of the inflammatory response by activating and recruiting neutrophils to the site of infection. Oxidant-sensitive transcription factor NF-B regulates the expression of IL-8 in the immune and inflammatory events. Carotenoids (carotenes and oxygenated carotenoids) show antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Low intake of ␤ -carotene leads to high risk of gastric cancer. Oxygenated carotenoid lutein inhibited NF-B activation in experimental uveitis. The present study aims to investigate whether ␤ -carotene and lutein inhibit H 2 O 2 -induced activation of NF-B and expression of IL-8 in gastric epithelial AGS cells. The cells were treated with carotenoids 2 h prior to the treatment of H 2 O 2 . mRNA expression was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real time RT-PCR analyses. IL-8 level in the medium was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. NF-B activation was assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. ROS levels of the cells were detected by confocal microscopic analysis for fluorescent dichlorofluorescein. As a result, H 2 O 2 induced the activation of NF-B and expression of IL-8 in AGS cells time-dependently. ␤ -Carotene and lutein showed inhibitory effects on H 2 O 2 -induced increase in intracellular ROS levels, activation of NF-B, and IL-8 expression in AGS cells. In conclusion, supplementation of carotenoids such as ␤ -carotene and lutein may be beneficial for the treatment of oxidative stress-mediated gastric inflammation.

Section: Effect Of Carotenoids On H2o2-induced Mrna Expression and Prmentioning

confidence: 99%

β-Carotene and Lutein Inhibit Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Activation of NF-κB and IL-8 Expression in Gastric Epithelial AGS Cells

Seo

2011

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

“…They are rich in lycopene and other carotenoids such as β-carotene, phytoene, phytofluene and lutein (Choski and Joshi 2007;Kavanaugh et al 2007). The ability of lycopene to act as a potent antioxidant is thought to be responsible for protecting cells against oxidative damage and thereby decreasing the risk of chronic diseases (Omoni and Aluko 2005;Kavanaugh et al 2007). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quality of low-fat pork sausages with tomato powder as colour and functional additive during refrigerated storage

Jin²,

Mandal

et al. 2010

J Food Sci Technol

Low fat pork sausages were formulated with tomato powder at 0% (C), 0.8% (T1), 1.2% (T2) and 1.5% (T3) levels in basic formula. With the increase in tomato powder concentration the lightness of the sausage decreased but the redness and yellowness increased significantly (p< 0.05). The pH values of T2 and T3 were significantly (p< 0.05) lower than the others, whereas, water holding capacity of T2 and T3 was significantly (p<0.05) higher. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, cohesiveness and springiness values of treated groups were significantly (p< 0.05) lower than those of control samples, however, hardness values of sausages with tomato powder were significantly (p<0.05) higher. The scores of overall acceptability in tested groups were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of control samples after 30 days of storage. The low fat pork sausage with tomato powder up to 1.5% was found to be well acceptable up to 30 days at refrigerated storage. This new product will have special value due to the functional additive lycopene in tomato powder.

Biomolecules and Therapeutics

“…Epidemiological studies reported that dietary intake of a carotenoid lycopene is associated with decreased risk of cancer (Franceschi et al, 1994;Giovannucci, 1999;Agarwal and Rao, 2000). Lycopene is the pigment principally responsible for the bright red color found in ripe tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum) and tomato products (Omoni and Aluko, 2005). The structure of lycopene is a lipophilic, 40-carbon atom, highly unsaturated, straight chain hydrocarbon containing 11 conjugated and 2 non-conjugated double bonds as depicted in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lycopene Inhibits Proliferation, Invasion and Migration of Human Breast Cancer Cells

Koh¹,

Hwang²,

Moon

2010

-Breast cancer has been estimated as one of the most common causes of cancer death among women. The major cause of death from breast cancer is the metastatic spread of the disease from the primary tumor to distant sites in the body. Lycopene is one of the major carotenoids in fruits and vegetables including tomatoes. Epidemiological studies have shown that the dietary intake of lycopene is associated with decreased risk of cancer. Although mounting evidence shows the chemopreventive effect of lycopene, the role of lycopene in the prevention of metastatic potential of breast cancer has not been determined yet. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of lycopene on invasive and migratory phenotypes of two highly aggressive breast cancer cell lines, H-Ras-transformed MCF10A human breast epithelial cells (H-Ras MCF10A) and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. Here, we report that lycopene significantly inhibits invasion and migration as well as proliferation of H-Ras MCF10A and MDA-MB-231 cells. This study suggested an in vitro anti-cancer and anti-metastatic potential of lycopene. We also showed that activations of ERKs and Akt were inhibited by lycopene in H-Ras MCF10A cells, suggesting that the ERKs and Akt signaling pathways may be involved in lycopene-induced anti-proliferative and/or anti-invasive/migratory effects in these cells. Taken in conjunction with the fact that breast cancer metastasis is one of the most lethal malignancies in women, our findings may provide useful information for the application of lycopene in establishing strategy to prevent the metastatic breast cancer.