The anti-cancer effects of carotenoids and other phytonutrients resides in their combined activity

Linnewiel-Hermoni, Karin; Khanin, Marina; Danilenko, Michael; Zango, Gabriel; Amosi, Yaara; Levy, Joseph; Sharoni, Yoav

doi:10.1016/j.abb.2015.02.018

Cited by 117 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Dietary β-carotene has been reported to decrease (distal) colon cancer [30] and moreover, to suppress the up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 gene expression in a dose dependent manner and to suppress UVA-induced HO - 1 gene expression in cultured FEK4 [31]. Moreover, it seems that these compounds may act synergically increasing their anticancer activity [32]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoid Profile of Tomato Sauces: Effect of Cooking Time and Content of Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Vallverdú‐Queralt

Regueiro

Alvarenga

et al. 2015

IJMS

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The consumption of carotenoid-rich vegetables such as tomatoes and tomato sauces is associated with reduced risk of several chronic diseases. The predominant carotenoids in tomato products are in the (all-E) configuration, but (Z) isomers can be formed during thermal processing. The effect of cooking time (15, 30, 45 and 60 min) and the addition of extra virgin olive oil (5% and 10%) on the carotenoid extractability of tomato sauces was monitored using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) and LC-ultraviolet detection (LC-UV). The thermal treatment and the addition of extra virgin olive oil increased the levels of antioxidant activity, total carotenoids, Z-lycopene isomers, α-carotene and β-carotene. These results are of particular nutritional benefit since higher lycopene intake has been associated with a reduced risk of lethal prostate and a reduction of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Moreover, β-carotene has been reported to suppress the up-regulation of heme oxygenase-1 gene expression in a dose dependent manner and to suppress UVA-induced HO-1 gene expression in cultured FEK4.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoid Profile of Tomato Sauces: Effect of Cooking Time and Content of Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Vallverdú‐Queralt

Regueiro

Alvarenga

et al. 2015

IJMS

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“…Natural phytochemicals, which have chemopreventive properties that delay the progress of carcinogenesis, have emerged as promising and cost-effective approaches to reduce the incidence and morbidity of PCa. 36–38 Curcumin, for example, has been shown to have cancer chemopreventive activity in preventing PCa. 37 FN1, a newly synthesized curcumin analog, has shown anti-carcinogenic effects against PC-3, Panc-1 and HT-29.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics Reactivation of Nrf2 in Prostate TRAMP C1 Cells by Curcumin Analogue FN1

Pung

et al. 2016

Chem. Res. Toxicol.

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It has previously been demonstrated that curcumin is effective against prostate cancer growth and progression in TRAMP mice, potentially acting through the epigenetic modification of the Nrf2 gene and the subsequent induction of the Nrf2-mediated anti-oxidative stress cellular defense pathway. FN1 is a synthetic curcumin analog that shows stronger anti-cancer activity than curcumin. The purpose of this study was to investigate a potential epigenetic effect of FN1 that restores Nrf2 gene expression in TRAMP-C1 cells. Stably transfected HepG2-C8 cells were used to investigate the effect of FN1 on the Nrf2-ARE pathway. Real-time quantitative PCR and western blotting were used to study the influence of FN1 on endogenous Nrf2 and its downstream genes. Bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS) and methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP) were then performed to examine the methylation profile of the Nrf2 promoter. An anchorage-independent colony-formation assay was conducted to test the tumor inhibitory effect of FN1. Epigenetic modification enzymes, including DNMTs and HDACs, were investigated by western blotting. Luciferase reporter assay indicated FN1 was more potent than curcumin in activating the Nrf2-ARE pathway. FN1 increased the mRNA and protein expression of Nrf2 and downstream genes, such as HO-1, NQO1, and UGT1A1. FN1 significantly inhibited the colony formation of TRAMP-C1 cells. BGS and MeDIP assays revealed that FN1 treatment (250 nM for 3 days) decreased the level of CpG methylation of the Nrf2 promoter. FN1 also downregulated epigenetic modification enzymes. In conclusion, our results suggest that FN1 is a novel anti-cancer agent for prostate cancer. FN1 can activate the Nrf2-ARE pathway, inhibit the colony formation of TRAMP-C1 cells and increase the expression of Nrf2 and downstream genes potentially through the decreased expression of keap1 coupled with CpG demethylation of the Nrf2 promoter. This CpG demethylation effect may come from decreased epigenetic modification enzymes, such as DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b and HDAC4.

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“…In prostate cancer cells, lower doses of CA (<100 µM) inhibited cell viability and enhanced apoptosis [30,57,58]. Induction of apoptosis in PC-3 prostate cells was associated with activation of both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways.…”

Section: Anticancer Effects Of Carnosic Acid (Ca): In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer Effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Rosemary Extract Polyphenols

2016

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Cancer cells display enhanced growth rates and a resistance to apoptosis. The ability of cancer cells to evade homeostasis and proliferate uncontrollably while avoiding programmed cell death/apoptosis is acquired through mutations to key signaling molecules, which regulate pathways involved in cell proliferation and survival. Compounds of plant origin, including food components, have attracted scientific attention for use as agents for cancer prevention and treatment. The exploration into natural products offers great opportunity to evaluate new anticancer agents as well as understand novel and potentially relevant mechanisms of action. Rosemary extract has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anticancer properties. Rosemary extract contains many polyphenols with carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid found in highest concentrations. The present review summarizes the existing in vitro and in vivo studies focusing on the anticancer effects of rosemary extract and the rosemary extract polyphenols carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid, and their effects on key signaling molecules.

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The anti-cancer effects of carotenoids and other phytonutrients resides in their combined activity

Cited by 117 publications

References 40 publications

Carotenoid Profile of Tomato Sauces: Effect of Cooking Time and Content of Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Carotenoid Profile of Tomato Sauces: Effect of Cooking Time and Content of Extra Virgin Olive Oil

Epigenetics Reactivation of Nrf2 in Prostate TRAMP C1 Cells by Curcumin Analogue FN1

Anticancer Effects of Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Extract and Rosemary Extract Polyphenols

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