The Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Morinda citrifolia. L (Mengkudu) Leaves Using Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay

Abstract

Background: Anti-angiogenesis or inhibition of blood vessel formation is the best way to prevent the growth and metastasis of tumors. The use Morinda citrifolis L. extracts have been reported to exhibit a broad range of therapeutic effects, including antibacterial and antitumor. Objective: This study aims to investigate the anti-angiogenic properties of Morinda citrifolia L. leaves extracts using Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay. Materials and Methods: The Fertile White Leghorn eggs were divided into five groups which were control, Bevacizumab drug and treatment groups with 25%, 50% and 75% of Morinda citrifolia L. leaves extracts respectively. The reduction of the blood vessel was counted after 12 h and 24 h post-treatment. Results: Analysis have shown significant differences (P<0.05) in the reduction of the blood vessel between each group at 24 h post-treatment. The group with 75% extracts showed 37.1% reductions of blood vessel compared to groups 50% and 25% extracts which showed 4% and 12.8% respectively. The phytochemical screening has showed that Morinda citrifolia L. leaves extracts was positive for flavonoid, phenols and phytosterols. Conclusion: Morinda citrifolia L. leaves extracts consist of the phytochemical compounds that have the ability to inhibit the angiogenesis.

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“…Diabetes with the worldwide prevalence is one of the main health anxiety and metabolic diseases, which is expected to involve 300 million people by 2025 [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Due to insulin deficiency, people with diabetes have high blood glucose degree that leads to the failure of various organs and long-term damage [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Among various strategies used for determination of glucose degree or concentration [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42], electrochemical based approaches have got great attention because of their low production cost, rapid response, high sensitivity, and simple instrumentation [43][44][45][46]...…”

Immunoglobulin and Oxidative Status Activities of Breast Meat in Broilers Fed Different Levels of Sodium Butyrate and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L) Leaf Meal

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“…Prescription drugs such as antibiotics and over-the-counter products are examples of veterinary chemicals, e.g., drenches and vaccines [1][2][3][4][5]. The following are some of the most commonly utilized veterinary chemicals on livestock: a) Worm drenches for the intestines; b) treatments for lice, blowflies, and ticks; c) vaccines against illnesses including pulpy kidney, tetanus, and scabby mouth; d) antibiotics as drugs that are used to treat bacterial infections; and e) antiinflammatory drugs used to treat pain [6,7]. Pinkeye, also known as infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (IBK), is a highly contagious and infectious ocular illness of cattle characterized by conjunctivitis and ulcerative keratitis that affects cattle all over the world [8][9][10][11].…”